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. 2020 May 30;10(6):1053.
doi: 10.3390/nano10061053.

Carbonized Lanthanum-Based Metal-Organic Framework with Parallel Arranged Channels for Azo-Dye Adsorption

Krzysztof Cendrowski  1 , Karolina Opała  1 , Ewa Mijowska  1
Affiliations

Carbonized Lanthanum-Based Metal-Organic Framework with Parallel Arranged Channels for Azo-Dye Adsorption

Krzysztof Cendrowski et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

In this contribution, the synthesis of the metal-organic framework (MOF) based on lanthanum that exhibits trigonal prism shape is presented. The length of a single side of this structure ranges from 2 to 10 μm. The carbonized lanthanum-based organic framework (CMOF-La) maintained the original shape. However, the lanthanum oxide was reshaped in the form of rods during the carbonization. It resulted in the creation of parallel arranged channels. The unique structure of the carbonized structure motivated us to reveal its adsorption performance. Therefore, the adsorption kinetics of acid red 18 onto a carbonized metal-organic framework were conducted. Various physicochemical parameters such as initial dye concentration and pH of dye solution were investigated in an adsorption process. The adsorption was found to decrease with an increase in initial dye concentration. In addition, the increase in adsorption capacity was noticed when the solution was changed to basic. Optimal conditions were obtained at a low pH. Kinetic adsorption data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the intraparticle diffusion model. The adsorption kinetics were well fitted using a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. It was found that the adsorption of anionic dye onto CMOF-La occurs by hydrophobic interactions between carbonized metal-organic framework and acid red 18.

Keywords: anionic dye adsorbent; carbonization; lanthanum; metal–organic framework (MOF).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scheme of lanthanum-based metal–organic framework (MOF-La) and carbonized metal–organic framework before (CMOF-La) and after (CMOF) hydrochloric acid purification.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SEM images of MOF-La (A,B) and MOF-derived carbon structures CMOF-La (C,D) and CMOF (E,F).
Figure 3
Figure 3
TEM images of MOF-derived carbon CMOF-La (A–F) and after CMOF (G–L).
Figure 4
Figure 4
EDS spectrum of the carbonized lanthanum-based MOF (A); XRD (B) and Raman (C) spectra of MOF–La, CMOF–La and CMOF; TGA analysis of CMOF–La and CMOF (D); N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms (E) and pore-width distribution (F) of CMOF.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effect of initial dye solution concentration (A) on adsorption capacity of the acid red 18 (AR18) onto CMOF. Pseudo-second-order kinetics (B) and intraparticle diffusion model (C) of acid red 18 adsorptions onto CMOF. Influence of initial pH and Zeta potential on dye adsorption (D). Experimental conditions: T = 20 °C, pH = 7. FT-IR spectra of carbonized MOF, CMOF after adsorption and AR18 (E).
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