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. 2020 Jun 2;10(1):8985.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65887-0.

Reproductive effects of subchronic exposure to acetamiprid in male rats

Emre Yağmur Arıcan  1 , Damla Gökçeoğlu Kayalı  2 , Bahar Ulus Karaca  1 , Tuğçe Boran  1 , Narin Öztürk  3 , Alper Okyar  3 , Feriha Ercan  2 , Gül Özhan  4
Affiliations

Reproductive effects of subchronic exposure to acetamiprid in male rats

Emre Yağmur Arıcan et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Acetamiprid, a selective agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine recetors, is one of the most widely used neonicotinoids. There is limited data about toxicity of acetamiprid on male reproductive system. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the reproductive toxic potential of acetamiprid in male rats orally treated with acetamiprid with low (12.5 mg/kg) medium (25 mg/kg) or high dose (35 mg/kg) for 90 days. According to our results, sperm concentration and plasma testosterone levels decreased in dose dependent manner. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormeone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels increased at low and medium dose groups and acetamiprid caused lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion in the testes. Histologic examinations revealed that acetamiprid induced apoptosis in medium and high dose groups and proliferation index dramatically decreased in high dose group. In conclusion, acetamiprid caused toxicity on male reproductive system in the high dose. The mechanism of the toxic effect may be associated with oxidative stress, hormonal disruptions and apoptosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative light micrographs of experimental groups. Normal testis morphology with regular seminiferous tubules are seen in the control group (A). Normal seminiferous tubules (n) with a regular germinal epithelium and vacuolation (arrow) in the low-dose group (B). Some seminiferous tubules with immature cells (*) in their lumen as well as regular seminiferous tubules (n) in the medium-dose group (C); immature cells (*) in the lumen of some seminiferous tubules and vacuolation (arrow, inset) in the germinal epithelium in the high-dose group (D) are seen. H&E staining. Scale bars 50 µm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative photomicrographs of experimental groups. The regular basement membran of seminiferous tubules are seen in the control (A) and low-dose groups (B). Irregular and ondulated basement membrane (arrow) of the semniferous tubules are seen in the medium- dose (C) and high-dose groups (D). PAS reaction. Scale bars 50 µm.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Representative photomicrographs of PCNA stained testis tissues of the experimental groups. PCNA-positive cells (arrow), numerous in the control (A) and low (B)-dose groups, moderately decreased in the medium (C)-dose group, and severely decreased in the high (D)-dose group, are observed. Scale bars 50 µm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Representative photomicrographs of TUNEL stained testis tissues of the experimental groups. A few number of TUNEL-positive cells (arrow), in the control (A) and low (B)-dose groups, moderately increased in the medium (C)-dose group, and severely increased in the high (D)-dose group are observed. TUNEL. Scale bars 50 µm.
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