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. 2020 May 19:8:e50837.
doi: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e50837. eCollection 2020.

Using online databases to produce comprehensive accounts of the vascular plants from the Brazilian protected areas: The Parque Nacional do Itatiaia as a case study

Marina M Moreira  1   2 , Tatiana T Carrijo  1 , Anderson Alves-Araújo  1 , André M A Amorim  3 , Alessandro Rapini  4 , Andrews V S da Silva  5 , Braz A P Cosenza  6 , Claudia R Lopes  2 , Camila N Delgado  7   8 , Cíntia Kameyama  9 , Dayvid R Couto  1   10 , Daniel E F Barbosa  7 , Daniele Monteiro  2 , Diego R Gonzaga  2 , Eduardo C Dalcin  2 , Elsie F Guimarães  2 , Elton John de Lírio  11 , Fernando B Matos  12 , Fátima R G Salimena  7 , Felipe A Oliveira  2 , Gustavo Heiden  13 , João M Lanna  2 , José Fernando Baumgratz  2 , José F B Pastore  14 , Juliana R P M Oliveira  1 , Laísa B Barcelos  15 , Lana S Sylvestre  5 , Leandro Freitas  2 , Leandro L Giacomin  16 , Leandro Pederneiras  2 , Leonardo D Meireles  11 , Lúcia G Lohmann  11 , Luciana C Pereira  7 , Luis Alexandre E Silva  2 , Luiz M Neto  7 , Marcelo C Souza  17 , Marcelo Trovó  5 , Marcos E G Sobral  18 , Mário Luís Garbin  1 , Mario Gomes  2 , Marli P Morim  2 , Michelle Christine A Mota  12 , Paulo H Labiak  12 , Pedro L Viana  19 , Pedro Luís R de Moraes  20 , Renato Goldenberg  12 , Rubens Luiz G Coelho  21 , Samyra G Furtado  7 , Sebastião José da Silva-Neto  22 , Thiago B Flores  23 , Valquíria F Dutra  1 , Vinícius R Bueno  24 , Rafaela C Forzza  2
Affiliations

Using online databases to produce comprehensive accounts of the vascular plants from the Brazilian protected areas: The Parque Nacional do Itatiaia as a case study

Marina M Moreira et al. Biodivers Data J. .

Abstract

Background: Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with about 37,000 species of land plants. Part of this biodiversity is within protected areas. The development of online databases in the last years greatly improved the available biodiversity data. However, the existing databases do not provide information about the protected areas in which individual plant species occur. The lack of such information is a crucial gap for conservation actions. This study aimed to show how the information captured from online databases, cleaned by a protocol and verified by taxonomists allowed us to obtain a comprehensive list of the vascular plant species from the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia", the first national park founded in Brazil. All existing records in the online database JABOT (15,100 vouchers) were downloaded, resulting in 11,783 vouchers identified at the species level. Overall, we documented 2,316 species belonging to 176 families and 837 genera of vascular plants in the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia". Considering the whole vascular flora, 2,238 species are native and 78 are non-native.

New information: The "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia" houses 13% of the angiosperm and 37% of the fern species known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Amongst these species, 82 have been cited as threatened, following IUCN categories (CR, EN or VU), seven are data deficient (DD) and 15 have been classified as a conservation priority, because they are only known from a single specimen collected before 1969.

Keywords: Atlantic Forest; angiosperms; ferns; gymnosperms; lycophytes; plant collection..

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Stages of data cleaning performed in R to obtain a list of angiosperm species from the “Parque Nacional do Itatiaia,” Brazil, from the RB herbarium database. The specimens kept on the list are shown in green, while the specimens removed are shown in red.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Stages of data cleaning performed in R to obtain a list of lycophyte and fern species from the “Parque Nacional do Itatiaia,” Brazil, from the RB herbarium database. The specimens kept on the list are shown in green, while the specimens removed are shown in red.
Figure 3a.
Figure 3a.
"Véu da Noiva" walterfalls
Figure 3b.
Figure 3b.
"Itaporani" walterfalls
Figure 3c.
Figure 3c.
“Pico das Agulhas Negras”
Figure 3d.
Figure 3d.
“Prateleiras”
Figure 4a.
Figure 4a.
Figure 4b.
Figure 4b.
Figure 5a.
Figure 5a.
Figure 5b.
Figure 5b.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Life forms of the vascular plant species occurring in the “Parque Nacional do Itatiaia,” Brazil. The values within bars represent the number of species in each category. Green bars represent species of angiospem and blue bars represent species of lycophytes and ferns.
Figure 7a.
Figure 7a.
Aechmea vanhoutteana (Van Houtte) Mez - Vunerable (VU)
Figure 7b.
Figure 7b.
Barbacenia gounelleana Beauverd - Endangered (EN)
Figure 7c.
Figure 7c.
Buddleja speciosissima Taub. - Vunerable (VU)
Figure 7d.
Figure 7d.
Fernseea itatiaiae (Wawra) Baker - Endangered (EN)
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Number of specimens collected over time in the “Parque Nacional do Itatiaia” and housed in the RB herbarium. Green lines represent species of angiospem, while blue lines represent species of lycophytes and ferns.
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References

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