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. 2020;24(6):560-562.
doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1389-1.

Clinical Presentation of COVID19 in Dementia Patients

A Bianchetti  1 , R Rozzini, F Guerini, S Boffelli, P Ranieri, G Minelli, L Bianchetti, M Trabucchi
Affiliations

Clinical Presentation of COVID19 in Dementia Patients

A Bianchetti et al. J Nutr Health Aging. 2020.

Abstract

Objective: No studies analyzing the role of dementia as a risk factor for mortality in patients affected by COVID-19. We assessed the prevalence, clinical presentation and outcomes of dementia among subjects hospitalized for COVID19 infection.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: COVID wards in Acute Hospital in Brescia province, Northern Italy.

Participants: We used data from 627 subjects admitted to Acute Medical wards with COVID 19 pneumonia.

Measurements: Clinical records of each patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of COVID19 infection were retrospectively analyzed. Diagnosis of dementia, modalities of onset of the COVID-19 infection, symptoms of presentation at the hospital and outcomes were recorded.

Results: Dementia was diagnosed in 82 patients (13.1%). The mortality rate was 62.2% (51/82) among patients affected by dementia compared to 26.2% (143/545) in subjects without dementia (p<0.001, Chi-Squared test). In a logistic regression model age, and the diagnosis of dementia resulted independently associated with a higher mortality, and patients diagnosed with dementia presented an OR of 1.84 (95% CI: 1.09-3.13, p<0.05). Among patients diagnosed with dementia the most frequent symptoms of onset were delirium, especially in the hypoactive form, and worsening of the functional status.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of dementia, especially in the most advanced stages, represents an important risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients. The clinical presentation of COVID-19 in subjects with dementia is atypical, reducing early recognition of symptoms and hospitalization.

Keywords: COVID19 infection; dementia; mortality risk.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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