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Review
. 2020 Sep;63(3):504-511.
doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000548.

Adolescents and Bone Health

Rebecca J Gordon  1 , Catherine M Gordon  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Adolescents and Bone Health

Rebecca J Gordon et al. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Sep.

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical time for the acquisition of peak bone mass. There are modifiable factors that may influence bone health in an adolescent. For those at risk for bone fragility, initial management includes optimization of calcium and vitamin D, weight-bearing exercise, and maintenance of a normal body weight. In certain scenarios, bisphosphonate treatment is indicated, as is reviewed. How hormonal contraceptives affect bone mineral density is unclear, but in patients with risk factors or known bone fragility, prescribers should consider their skeletal effects. Some conditions, including restrictive eating disorders and primary ovarian insufficiency, warrant long-term monitoring of bone health.

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References

    1. McCormack SE, Cousminer DL, Chesi A, et al. Association between linear growth and bone accrual in a diverse cohort of children and adolescents. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171:e171769.
    1. Weaver CM, Gordon CM, Janz KF, et al. The National Osteoporosis Foundation’s position statement on peak bone mass development and lifestyle factors: a systematic review and implementation recommendations. Osteoporos Int. 2016;27:1281–1386.
    1. Bailey DA, Martin AD, McKay HA, et al. Calcium accretion in girls and boys during puberty: a longitudinal analysis. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15:2245–2250.
    1. Gordon CM, Zemel BS, Wren TA, et al. The determinants of peak bone mass. J Pediatr. 2017;180:261–269.
    1. Ma NS, Gordon CM. Pediatric osteoporosis: where are we now? J Pediatr. 2012;161:983–990.