MODY diabetes and screening of gestational diabetes

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this article is to present a summary of the actual diagnostic possibilities and differentiation of MODY (Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young) from gestational diabetes (GDM) found during routine screening, and specific aspects of care and treatment of MODY during pregnancy and early postpartum period.

Design: Rewiev.

Settings: Centre for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition; Second Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital Královské Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague. Department of Internal Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague.

Methods: Recent publications selected in PubMed with the key words MODY, gestational diabetes.

Results: Many patients with MODY, especially the glucokinase MODY, can be first diagnosed during pregnancy. It is estimated that MODY patients account for up to 5% of GDM cases found in routine screening of GDM. MODY should be considered in lean women around 25 years of age, with a positive family history of diabetes in one of the parents. The differentiation of MODY from GDM is of particular importance not only for the different management and goals of antidiabetic therapy and planning ultrasound controls of fetal growth during pregnancy, but also because of the risk of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in newborns.

Conclusion: Recognition of MODY during pregnancy and adherence to existing recommendations concerning specific care of these patients is essential for the optimal course of their pregnancy and proper care of the newborn in the early postpartum period.

Keywords: GCK; HNF; MODY; gestational diabetes; screening.