Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020;20(1):26-33.
doi: 10.24911/SJP.106-1582985547.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of iodized salt use in Al-Riyadh and Al-Ozozab areas, Khartoum, Sudan

Amani Abdelrahman  1 , Lubna M A Salih  2 , Elshazaly Saeed  3
Affiliations

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of iodized salt use in Al-Riyadh and Al-Ozozab areas, Khartoum, Sudan

Amani Abdelrahman et al. Sudan J Paediatr. 2020.

Abstract

Iodine deficiency and subsequent iodine deficiency disorders have been a longstanding problem in many areas of the world, including Sudan, and still remains as the leading cause of preventable brain damage. According to the Sudan Household Health Survey, in 2006, the consumption of iodized salt in Sudan was 11%, only to deteriorate later on in 2011 to 9.5%. This is a descriptive cross sectional study which assesses the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the use of iodized salt in two socioeconomically different residential areas, Al-Riyadh and Al-Ozozab, Khartoum city, Sudan. From total of 152 participants selected from Al-Riyadh and Al-Ozozab areas (50% from each), there were 87 (57 %) females. Participants from Al-Riyadh had a higher educational and income level than those from Al-Ozozab, and better knowledge regarding the importance of regular iodized salt consumption to treat iodine deficiency (61% and 54%, respectively). However, only 39% of the participants were actually buying iodized salt. There was a significant relationship between residency and buying of iodized salt among the participants from Al-Riyadh (49%) and Al-Ozozab (30%) areas (p-value = 0.02). There was also significant association between the educational level and buying iodized salt (p-value = 0.014), but not with the income (p-value = 0.23). The consumption of potential goitrogenic foods (pearl millet or peanut butter) was high among the participants (n = 142) from Al-Riyadh and Al-Ozozab, and constituted 76% and 83%, respectively. Compulsory national salt specification needs to be established in Sudan, together with monitoring the market availability of iodized salt.

Keywords: Consumption; Goitre; Goitrogenic food; Iodine deficiency; Iodized salt; Knowledge; Sudan.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The source of knowledge among the participants regarding iodized salt use in Al- Riyadh and Al-Ozozab areas (n = 152).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Reasons for not buying iodized salt among the participants in Al- Riyadh and Al-Ozozab areas (n = 152).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Times of pearl millet and peanuts consumption among the participants from Al-Riyadh and Al-Ozozab areas (n = 152).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Zimmermann MB, Boelaert K. Iodine deficiency and thyroid disorders. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3(4):286–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70225-6. - PubMed
    1. Zimmermann MB, Jooste PL, Pandav CS. Iodine-deficiency disorders. Lancet. 2008;372(9645):1251–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61005-3. - PubMed
    1. Izzeldin HS, Crawford MA, Jooste PL. Population living in the Red Sea State of Sudan may need urgent intervention to correct the excess dietary iodine intake. Nutr Health. 2007;18(4):333–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/026010600701800403. - PubMed
    1. Zimmermann MB. Iodine deficiency. Endocr Rev. 2009;30(4):376–408. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2009-0011. - PubMed
    1. Ma ZF, Skeaff SA. Switzerland AG: Springer International Publishing; 2017. Assessment of population iodine status. InIodine deficiency disorders and their elimination; pp. 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49505-7_2.