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. 2020 Jun 1:9:100052.
doi: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2020.100052. eCollection 2020 Nov.

Sleep and circadian rhythms: Evolutionary entanglement and local regulation

James M Krueger  1
Affiliations

Sleep and circadian rhythms: Evolutionary entanglement and local regulation

James M Krueger. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms. .

Abstract

Circadian rhythms evolved within single cell organisms and serve to regulate rest-activity cycles in most single-cell and multiple-cell organisms. In contrast, sleep is a network emergent property found in animals with a nervous system. Rhythms and sleep are much entangled involving shared regulatory molecules such as adenosine, ATP, cytokines, neurotrophins, and nitric oxide. These molecules are activity-dependent and act locally to initiate regulatory events involved in rhythms, sleep, and plasticity.

Keywords: Cytokines; Emergent network property; Homer 1a; Local sleep; Plasticity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author has no conflicts of interests nor do the contents of the manuscript contain information with conflicts of interest. James M. Krueger.

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