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Review
. 2020 Jun 10;8(2):164.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare8020164.

Determinants of Motivation among Healthcare Workers in the East African Community between 2009-2019: A Systematic Review

Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri  1 , Flavia Senkubuge  1 , Charles Hongoro  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Determinants of Motivation among Healthcare Workers in the East African Community between 2009-2019: A Systematic Review

Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

Healthcare workers are an essential element in the functionality of the health system. However, the health workforce impact on health systems tends to be overlooked. Countries within the Sub-Saharan region such as the six in the East African Community (EAC) have weak and sub-optimally functioning health systems. As countries globally aim to attain Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goal 3, it is crucial that the significant role of the health workforce in this achievement is recognized. In this systematic review, we aimed to synthesise the determinants of motivation as reported by healthcare workers in the EAC between 2009 and 2019. A systematic search was performed using four databases, namely Cochrane library, EBSCOhost, ProQuest and PubMed. The eligible articles were selected and reviewed based on the authors' selection criteria. A total of 30 studies were eligible for review. All six countries that are part of the EAC were represented in this systematic review. Determinants as reported by healthcare workers in six countries were synthesised. Individual-level-, organizational/structural- and societal-level determinants were reported, thus revealing the roles of the healthcare worker, health facilities and the government in terms of health systems and the community or society at large in promoting healthcare workers' motivation. Monetary and non-monetary determinants of healthcare workers' motivation reported are crucial for informing healthcare worker motivation policy and health workforce strengthening in East Africa.

Keywords: East Africa; health systems; health workforce strengthening; healthcare workers; motivation.

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Conflict of interest statement

We, the authors/reviewers of this systematic review declare no competing or conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram on healthcare workers’ determinants of motivation in the East African Community (EAC), 2009–2019.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentage of studies represented in this review per EAC country.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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