Hypothesis to explain the severe form of COVID-19 in Northern Italy

doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002564

. 2020 Jun;5(6):e002564.

doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002564.

Hypothesis to explain the severe form of COVID-19 in Northern Italy

Luca Cegolon^{1

2}, Jennifer Pichierri³, Giuseppe Mastrangelo⁴, Sandro Cinquetti⁵, Giovanni Sotgiu⁶, Saverio Bellizzi⁷, Giuseppe Pichierri⁸

Affiliations

¹ Public Health Department, Local Health Unit N. 2 "Marca Trevigiana", Treviso, Veneto Region, Italy l.cegolon@gmail.com.
² IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy.
³ Children and Young People's Diabetes, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
⁴ Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Veneto Region, Italy.
⁵ Public Health Department, Local Health Unit N. 2 "Marca Trevigiana", Treviso, Veneto Region, Italy.
⁶ Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Sardinia Region, Italy.
⁷ Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland.
⁸ Microbiology Department, Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames, London, UK.

PMID: 32532758
PMCID: PMC7295427
DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002564

Hypothesis to explain the severe form of COVID-19 in Northern Italy

Luca Cegolon et al. BMJ Glob Health. 2020 Jun.

. 2020 Jun;5(6):e002564.

doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002564.

Authors

Luca Cegolon^{1

2}, Jennifer Pichierri³, Giuseppe Mastrangelo⁴, Sandro Cinquetti⁵, Giovanni Sotgiu⁶, Saverio Bellizzi⁷, Giuseppe Pichierri⁸

Affiliations

¹ Public Health Department, Local Health Unit N. 2 "Marca Trevigiana", Treviso, Veneto Region, Italy l.cegolon@gmail.com.
² IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy.
³ Children and Young People's Diabetes, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
⁴ Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Veneto Region, Italy.
⁵ Public Health Department, Local Health Unit N. 2 "Marca Trevigiana", Treviso, Veneto Region, Italy.
⁶ Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Sardinia Region, Italy.
⁷ Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland.
⁸ Microbiology Department, Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames, London, UK.

PMID: 32532758
PMCID: PMC7295427
DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002564

No abstract available

Keywords: SARS; dengue; epidemiology; prevention strategies; public health.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Conceptual framework explaining the relationships between various factors and incidence and severe/critical form of COVID-19. Established items: orange boxes; hypothetical items: blue boxes. ADE, antibody-dependent enhancement; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; COVID-19, coronavirus infectious disease 2019; IPC, infection prevention and control; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Functional data analysis characterizes the shapes of the first COVID-19 epidemic wave in Italy.
Boschi T, Di Iorio J, Testa L, Cremona MA, Chiaromonte F. Boschi T, et al. Sci Rep. 2021 Aug 30;11(1):17054. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95866-y. Sci Rep. 2021. PMID: 34462450 Free PMC article.
A patient affected by critical COVID-19 pneumonia, successfully treated with convalescent plasma.
Einollahi B, Cegolon L, Abolghasemi H, Imanizadeh S, Bahramifar A, Zhao S, Jafari R, Javanbakht M. Einollahi B, et al. Transfus Apher Sci. 2020 Dec;59(6):102995. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102995. Epub 2020 Nov 5. Transfus Apher Sci. 2020. PMID: 33183986 Free PMC article.
Modelling personal cautiousness during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study for Turkey and Italy.
Bulut H, Gölgeli M, Atay FM. Bulut H, et al. Nonlinear Dyn. 2021;105(1):957-969. doi: 10.1007/s11071-021-06320-7. Epub 2021 May 11. Nonlinear Dyn. 2021. PMID: 33994665 Free PMC article.
Response to 'No evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction or serology in children with pseudo-chilblain'.
Recalcati S, Tonolo S, Luzzaro F, Fantini F. Recalcati S, et al. Br J Dermatol. 2020 Dec;183(6):1154-1156. doi: 10.1111/bjd.19493. Epub 2020 Sep 24. Br J Dermatol. 2020. PMID: 32880906 Free PMC article.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers of Trieste (North-Eastern Italy), 1 October 2020-7 February 2022: Occupational Risk and the Impact of the Omicron Variant.
Cegolon L, Ronchese F, Ricci F, Negro C, Larese-Filon F. Cegolon L, et al. Viruses. 2022 Jul 28;14(8):1663. doi: 10.3390/v14081663. Viruses. 2022. PMID: 36016284 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Worldometers Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak, 2020. Available: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [Accessed 17 Apr 2020].
1. World Health Organization Report of the WHO-China joint mission on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2020. Available: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/report-of-the-who-china-joint-mi... [Accessed 17 Apr 2020].
1. Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, et al. . A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet 2020;395:514–23. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Cao X. COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2020;20:269–70. 10.1038/s41577-020-0308-3 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Verity R, Okell LC, Dorigatti I, et al. . Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2020;3099:30243–7. 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Substances

Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

[1] Worldometers Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak, 2020. Available: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [Accessed 17 Apr 2020].

[2] Worldometers Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak, 2020. Available: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [Accessed 17 Apr 2020].

[3] World Health Organization Report of the WHO-China joint mission on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2020. Available: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/report-of-the-who-china-joint-mi... [Accessed 17 Apr 2020].

[4] World Health Organization Report of the WHO-China joint mission on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2020. Available: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/report-of-the-who-china-joint-mi... [Accessed 17 Apr 2020].

[5] Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, et al. . A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet 2020;395:514–23. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, et al. . A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet 2020;395:514–23. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Cao X. COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2020;20:269–70. 10.1038/s41577-020-0308-3 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Cao X. COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2020;20:269–70. 10.1038/s41577-020-0308-3 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Verity R, Okell LC, Dorigatti I, et al. . Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2020;3099:30243–7. 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Verity R, Okell LC, Dorigatti I, et al. . Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2020;3099:30243–7. 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Hypothesis to explain the severe form of COVID-19 in Northern Italy

Affiliations

Hypothesis to explain the severe form of COVID-19 in Northern Italy

Authors

Affiliations

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Miscellaneous