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. 2020 Jun 16;10(1):9736.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66427-6.

Refractive index gas sensor based on the Tamm state in a one-dimensional photonic crystal: Theoretical optimisation

Zaky A Zaky  1 , Ashour M Ahmed  2 , Ahmed S Shalaby  1 , Arafa H Aly  1
Affiliations

Refractive index gas sensor based on the Tamm state in a one-dimensional photonic crystal: Theoretical optimisation

Zaky A Zaky et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Gas sensors are important in many fields such as environmental monitoring, agricultural production, public safety, and medical diagnostics. Herein, Tamm plasmon resonance in a photonic bandgap is used to develop an optical gas sensor with high performance. The structure of the proposed sensor comprises a gas cavity sandwiched between a one-dimensional porous silicon photonic crystal and an Ag layer deposited on a prism. The optimised structure of the proposed sensor achieves ultra-high sensitivity (S = 1.9×105 nm/RIU) and a low detection limit (DL = 1.4×10-7 RIU) compared to the existing gas sensor. The brilliant sensing performance and simple design of the proposed structure make our device highly suitable for use as a sensor in a variety of biomedical and industrial applications.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic of the proposed biosensor consisting of prism/Ag/gas/(PSi1/PSi2)N/Si.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes in the nPsi layer as a function of wavelength and porosity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Reflectance for prism/gas/PSi-1DPC and prism/Ag/gas/ PSi-1DPC as a function of the wavelength with a normal incident angle, N = 8, dgas = 4000 nm, ngas = 1.00026, and dm = 30 nm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Reflectance spectra of the proposed sensor as a function of wavelength and gas refractive index at dgas = 4000 nm, dm = 30 nm, N = 8, and φ0 = 0°.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Variation in the FWHM as a function of the number of unit cells N at dm = 30 nm, ngas = 1.00026, nprism = 1.5, φ0 = 0°, and dgas = 4000 nm.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Variation of the reflectance of the resonant dip as a function of the metallic layer thickness at ngas = 1.00026, φ0 = 0°, dgas = 4000 nm, nprism = 1.5, and N = 8.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Reflectance spectra as a function of wavelength and incident angle at ngas = 1.00026, dgas = 4000 nm, dm = 25 nm, nprism=1.4 and N = 8 for (A) prism/gas/PSi-1DPC and (B) prism/Ag/gas/PSi-1DPC.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Effect of the gas layer thickness on sensitivity at N = 8, dm = 25 nm, nprism = 1.4, and φ0 = 0°.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Effect of the incident angle on sensitivity at N = 8, d3 = 10000 nm, nprism = 1.4, and dm = 25 nm.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Reflectance spectra of the proposed sensor under optimum conditions with different gas refractive indices.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Linear relation between the refractive index of the gas and TP dip positions.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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