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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Jun;48(6):300060520931348.
doi: 10.1177/0300060520931348.

Association of urinary incontinence and depression or anxiety: a meta-analysis

Shulin Cheng  1 , Dong Lin  1 , Tinghui Hu  1 , Liang Cao  1 , Hai Liao  1 , Xiaoxi Mou  1 , Qiang Zhang  1 , Junbo Liu  1 , Tao Wu  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association of urinary incontinence and depression or anxiety: a meta-analysis

Shulin Cheng et al. J Int Med Res. 2020 Jun.

Abstract

Objective: We explored the relationship between urinary incontinence (UI) and depression or anxiety.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed for articles on the association between depression, anxiety, and UI. We calculated pooled 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and odds ratios (ORs).

Results: Twelve articles (31,462 participants) were included. The UI group had significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than the non-UI group (OR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.64-1.82, I2 = 75.5%). In subgroup analysis, depression and anxiety were significantly higher in participants with UI than in those without UI (OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.82-2.10, I2 = 64.3% and OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.43-1.65, I2 = 59.2%, respectively). In subgroup analysis by age, participants with UI had significantly higher depression and anxiety, regardless of age, than the non-UI group (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.29-1.95, I2 = 59.1% and OR = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.62-2.43, I2 = 75.5%, respectively).

Conclusion: Patients with UI had significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than those without UI. Depression and anxiety were higher in patients with UI than in those without UI, regardless of age. Larger sample sizes and more high-quality studies are needed to validate our findings.

Keywords: Newcastle–Ottawa Scale; Urinary incontinence; anxiety; depression; meta-analysis; subgroup analysis.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flowchart of the records selection process in this meta-analysis. According to PRISMA template: Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med 6(7): e1000097. doi: 10.1371/journal. Pmed 1000097.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
(a) Pooled estimate of the association of UI with risk of depression/anxiety (b) Pooled estimates of subgroup analysis on the association of UI with risk of depression/anxiety, according to depression or anxiety.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
(a) Pooled estimate of the association of UI with risk of depression/anxiety, by age (b) Pooled estimates of subgroup analysis on the association of UI with risk of depression/anxiety, according to age.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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