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. 2020 Jun 17;15(6):e0234079.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234079. eCollection 2020.

Akwa Ibom AIDS indicator survey: Key findings and lessons learnt

Oluwasanmi Adedokun  1 , Titilope Badru  1 , Hadiza Khamofu  1 , Olubunmi Ruth Negedu-Momoh  2 , Emem Iwara  3 , Chinedu Agbakwuru  3 , Akinyemi Atobatele  4 , Mike Merrigan  5 , Dominic Ukpong  6 , Charles Nzelu  7 , Gregory Ashefor  8 , Satish Raj Pandey  1 , Kwasi Torpey  9
Affiliations

Akwa Ibom AIDS indicator survey: Key findings and lessons learnt

Oluwasanmi Adedokun et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: The burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic is huge, but this varies widely by population in Nigeria. Data that could be used to guide the scale up of HIV prevention and control strategies has significant gaps. The study sought to estimate the prevalence of HIV and its associated determinants in Akwa Ibom state.

Methods: Akwa Ibom AIDS Indicator Survey (AKAIS) is a population based cross-sectional survey, with a two-stage probability sampling. The survey had both behavioural and biological components. Tablet-based questionnaire was used to collect data on participant's household information, demographics, socio-economic, and behavioral risk factors associated with HIV; while the biological component involved collection of venous blood samples for participants who were over 19months. For children aged 18months on less, capillary blood from finger prick sample was used. Participants were tested for HIV. Other biomarker tests for HIV positive participants included CD4, HIV-1 RNA viral load and incidence assays.

Results: In all 15,609 people (8,963 adults aged 15 years and older (55% females), 6,646 individuals less than 15 years (51% males), from 4,313 households, participated in AKAIS. Overall, 2.8% (423 persons; 422 HIV-1 and 1 HIV-2) were found to be HIV positive. HIV prevalence was 4.8% in adults (15 years and above) and 0.4% in pediatric (< = 14 years) participants. HIV prevalence was significantly higher in females (5.6%) than males (3.7%) aged 15 years and older (p <0.001). Overall HIV incidence was 0.41.

Conclusions: HIV prevalence among adults was 4.8% with an overall incidence of 0.41%. These estimates are essential to inform strategic control and prevention of HIV epidemic in Akwa Ibom state targeting the affected populations.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interest exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Household HIV testing algorithm, AKAIS 2017.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Confirmatory HIV testing algorithm (>18mnths), AKAIS 2017.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Confirmatory HIV testing algorithm for babies (<18months), AKAIS 2017.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Household population by age category, AKAIS 2017.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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