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. 2020 Jun 15;46(5):e20180353.
doi: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20180353. eCollection 2020.

Smoking history: relationships with inflammatory markers, metabolic markers, body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary capacity in current smokers

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Tamara Dos Santos Gouveia  1 , Iara Buriola Trevisan  1 , Caroline Pereira Santos  1 , Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva  1 , Ercy Mara Cipulo Ramos  1 , Mahara Proença  2 , Dionei Ramos  1
Affiliations

Smoking history: relationships with inflammatory markers, metabolic markers, body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary capacity in current smokers

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Tamara Dos Santos Gouveia et al. J Bras Pneumol. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Objective: To determine the relationships that smoking history has with inflammatory markers, metabolic markers, body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary capacity in current smokers.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 65 smokers (age range: 18-60 years). On three non-consecutive days, each participant was evaluated in terms of smoking history, pre-existing comorbidities, lung function (by spirometry), peripheral muscle strength (by dynamometry), body composition (by bioelectrical impedance analysis), levels of metabolic/inflammatory markers, and maximum cardiopulmonary capacity (by treadmill exercise test). We evaluated the relationships that smoking history has with inflammatory markers, metabolic markers, body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary capacity, using logarithmic transformation of the data and calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient and for partial correlations adjusted for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities. To identify the influence of smoking history on pre-existing comorbidities, we used a logistic regression model adjusted for age, BMI, and duration of smoking.

Results: Smoking history correlated significantly, albeit weakly, with triglyceride level (r = 0.317; p = 0.005), monocyte count (r = 0.308; p = 0.013), and waist circumference (r = 0.299; p = 0.017). However, those correlations did not retain their significance in the adjusted analysis. In the logistic regression model, smoking more than 20 cigarettes/day correlated significantly with the presence of metabolic diseases (OR = 0.31; 95% CI: 1.009-1.701; p = 0.043).

Conclusions: In this sample of smokers, smoking history correlated positively with the triglyceride level, the monocyte count, and waist circumference. The prevalence of metabolic disease was highest in those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes/day.

Objetivo:: Verificar a relação da carga tabágica com marcadores inflamatórios, marcadores metabólicos, composição corporal, força muscular e capacidade cardiorrespiratória em tabagistas.

Métodos:: Estudo transversal com 65 tabagistas de ambos os sexos (idade: 18-60 anos). Todos os participantes foram avaliados em três dias não consecutivos quanto ao histórico de tabagismo, comorbidades pré-existentes, função pulmonar (espirometria), força muscular periférica (dinamometria), composição corporal (bioimpedância), dosagem de marcadores metabólicos e inflamatórios e teste cardiopulmonar em esteira para avaliar a capacidade cardiorrespiratória máxima. Avaliou-se a relação da carga tabágica com marcadores inflamatórios, marcadores metabólicos, composição corporal, força muscular e capacidade cardiorrespiratória com transformação logarítmica através da correlação de Pearson e correlações parciais ajustadas para idade, sexo, índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e comorbidades. A regressão logística com modelo ajustado para idade, IMC e tempo de tabagismo foi utilizada para identificar a influência do histórico de tabagismo sobre as comorbidades pré-existentes.

Resultados:: Observaram-se correlações positivas fracas somente para dados não ajustados da carga tabágica com nível de triacilglicerol (r = 0,317; p = 0,005), contagem de monócitos (r = 0,308; p = 0,013) e circunferência abdominal (r = 0,299; p = 0,017). No modelo de regressão logística, fumar mais de 20 cigarros/dia correlacionou-se significativamente com a presença de doenças metabólicas (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 1,009-1,701; p = 0,043).

Conclusões:: Nesta amostra de tabagistas, a carga tabágica se correlacionou positivamente com nível de triacilglicerol, contagem de monócitos e circunferência abdominal. A prevalência de doenças metabólicas foi maior em tabagistas que fumam mais de 20 cigarros/dia.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Study flowchart.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Pearson’s correlation coefficients for the relationships that smoking history has with triglyceride (TG) levels, monocyte count, and waist circumference (WC).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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