Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Jun 16;21(12):4290.
doi: 10.3390/ijms21124290.

Seafood Waste as Attractive Source of Chitin and Chitosan Production and Their Applications

Vanessa P Santos  1 , Nathália S S Marques  1 , Patrícia C S V Maia  1 , Marcos Antonio Barbosa de Lima  2 , Luciana de Oliveira Franco  2 , Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki  3
Affiliations
Review

Seafood Waste as Attractive Source of Chitin and Chitosan Production and Their Applications

Vanessa P Santos et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Chitosan is a cationic polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin, found abundantly in crustacean, insect, arthropod exoskeletons, and molluscs. The process of obtaining chitin by the chemical extraction method comprises the steps of deproteinization, demineralization, and discoloration. To obtain chitosan, the deacetylation of chitin is necessary. These polymers can also be extracted through the biological extraction method involving the use of microorganisms. Chitosan has biodegradable and biocompatible properties, being applied in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, biomedical, chemical, and textile industries. Chitosan and its derivatives may be used in the form of gels, beads, membranes, films, and sponges, depending on their application. Polymer blending can also be performed to improve the mechanical properties of the bioproduct. This review aims to provide the latest information on existing methods for chitin and chitosan recovery from marine waste as well as their applications.

Keywords: biopolymer; biotechnology; chitosan blend; polysaccharide; shrimp waste.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of chitin and chitosan.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Sources of chitin production.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Polymorphic structures of chitin.
Figure 4
Figure 4
General scheme of chitin biosynthesis in biological systems.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chitin and chitosan production by chemical and biological treatments.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Flowchart of the summary of the main applications of chitin/chitosan.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Wang S.L., Nguyen V.B. Production of potent antidiabetic compounds from shrimp head powder via Paenibacillus conversion. Process. Chem. 2019;76:18–24. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.11.004. - DOI
    1. Liu C., Cai W., Cuixia Z., Ma M., Rao W., Li W., He K., Gao M. Developing the ecological compensation criterion of industrial solid waste based on energy for sustainable development. Energy. 2018;157:940–948. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.207. - DOI
    1. Bedoić R., Ćosić B., Duić N. Technical potential and geographic distribution of agricultural residues, co-products and by-products in the European Union. Sci. Total Environ. 2019;686:568–579. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.219. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mohanty B., Mohanty U., Pattanaik S.S., Panda A., Jena A.K. Future prospects and trends for effective utilization of fish processing wastes in India. Innovat. Farm. 2018;3:1–5.
    1. Tsakanika A., Clauzet M., May P.H. Envolvendo os pescadores artesanais no desenvolvimento sustentável urbano e periurbano no Brasil. Revibec. 2018;28:1–20.

LinkOut - more resources