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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Jan;106(1):31-38.
doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-318941. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Outcomes of endotracheal suctioning in non-vigorous neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nanthida Phattraprayoon  1 , Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan  2 , Teerapat Ungtrakul  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Outcomes of endotracheal suctioning in non-vigorous neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nanthida Phattraprayoon et al. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to systematically review and analyse the outcomes of non-endotracheal suctioning (non-ETS) versus ETS in non-vigorous meconium-stained neonates.

Design: We conducted a systematic review of non-ETS and ETS in non-vigorous infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to November 2019, using keywords and related terms. Only non-vigorous infants born through MSAF included in randomised controlled trials, were included. We calculated overall relative risks (RRs) and mean differences with 95% CIs using a random-effects model, to determine the impact of ETS in non-vigorous infants born through MSAF.

Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Secondary outcomes were respiratory outcome measures (pneumothorax, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, secondary pneumonia, need for respiratory support, duration of mechanical ventilation), initial resuscitation and others including shock, perinatal asphyxia, convulsions, neonatal mortality, blood culture-positive sepsis and duration of hospital stay.

Results: A total of 2085 articles were identified in the initial database search. Four studies, including 581 non-vigorous meconium-stained infants, fulfilled the inclusion criteria, comprising 292 infants in the non-ETS group and 289 in the ETS group. No statistically significant difference was found for MAS (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.71 to 1.35).

Conclusions: Initiating ETS soon after birth in non-vigorous meconium-stained infants may not alter their neonatal outcomes.

Keywords: neonatology; paediatric practice.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plots of meta-analysis for neonatal outcomes of non-endotracheal suctioning compared with endotracheal suctioning in non-vigorous neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid. (A) Outcomes of respiratory system. B) Outcomes of cardiovascular system, nervous system, neonatal mortality and infection. C) Outcomes regarding the need for initial resuscitation. D) Duration of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay. ETS, endotracheal suctioning; HIE, hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy; PPHN, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn; MV, mechanical ventilation
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