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. 2020 Jun 9:14:100206.
doi: 10.1016/j.lrr.2020.100206. eCollection 2020.

Impact of age and induction therapy on outcome of 180 adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia; retrospective analysis and literature review

Khadega A Abuelgasim  1   2   3 , Bandar Albuhayri  3 , Rayan Munshi  3 , Areej Al Mugairi  4 , Bader Alahmari  1   2   3 , Giamal Gmati  1   2   3 , Hind Salama  1   2 , Mohsen Alzahrani  1   2   3 , Ayman Alhejazi  1   2   3 , Ahmed Alaskar  1   2   3 , Moussab Damlaj  1   2   3
Affiliations

Impact of age and induction therapy on outcome of 180 adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia; retrospective analysis and literature review

Khadega A Abuelgasim et al. Leuk Res Rep. .

Abstract

The prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poor. Among 180 patients, the median age was 53 (14-88) years. The overall 2-year disease free survival (DFS) was 28.6% (+/- 3.4), 47.7% (+/- 6.6%) for ≤ 40, 23.6% (+/- 5.8%) for 41-60 and 11.7% (+/- 4.2%) for ≥61 (p< 0.0001). The overall 2-year survival (OS) was 45.3% (+/- 3.8%), 78.6% (+/- 5.5%) for ≤40, 43.5% (+/- 6.9%) for 41-60 and 15.8% (+/- 4.8%) for ≥61 (p< 0.0001). Induction outcome of ≥61 was best in high dose chemotherapy (HDC) group (p < 0.0001). Only those ≤40 had durable DFS and OS. HDC appears to improve the outcome of older AML patients.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Elderly; High-risk cytogenetics; Standard induction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Two-year disease-free survival and overall survival stratified by age groups. The 2-year DFS was 47.7% +/- 6.6% for patients younger than 40 years, 23.6% +/- 5.8% for 41-60 years and 11.7% +/- 4.2% > 61 years (p< 0.0001). The 2-year OS stratified by age groups was 78.6% +/- 5.5% for patients younger than 40 years, 43.5% +/- 6.9% for 41-60 years and 15.8% +/- 4.8% > 61 years (p< 0.0001)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Two-year disease-free survival and overall survival in patients older than 60 years old stratified by therapy. The 2-year DFS was 22.2% +/- 7.9% for standard induction (SI), 17.4% +/- 7.9% for reduced induction (RI), 0% for azacytidine and 7.7% +/- 7.4 for palliative care (PC) (p = 0.032). The 2-year OS were as follows; 22.2% +/- 17.7% for SI, 22.9% +/- 8.9% for RI, 0% for AZA and 9.6% +/- 8.9% for PC.
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