The Interplay between Adeno-Associated Virus and its Helper Viruses

doi:10.3390/v12060662

Review

. 2020 Jun 19;12(6):662.

doi: 10.3390/v12060662.

The Interplay between Adeno-Associated Virus and its Helper Viruses

Anita F Meier¹, Cornel Fraefel¹, Michael Seyffert¹

Affiliations

PMID: 32575422
PMCID: PMC7354565
DOI: 10.3390/v12060662

Review

The Interplay between Adeno-Associated Virus and its Helper Viruses

Anita F Meier et al. Viruses. 2020.

. 2020 Jun 19;12(6):662.

doi: 10.3390/v12060662.

Authors

Anita F Meier¹, Cornel Fraefel¹, Michael Seyffert¹

Affiliation

¹ Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

PMID: 32575422
PMCID: PMC7354565
DOI: 10.3390/v12060662

Abstract

The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small, nonpathogenic parvovirus, which depends on helper factors to replicate. Those helper factors can be provided by coinfecting helper viruses such as adenoviruses, herpesviruses, or papillomaviruses. We review the basic biology of AAV and its most-studied helper viruses, adenovirus type 5 (AdV5) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). We further outline the direct and indirect interactions of AAV with those and additional helper viruses.

Keywords: adeno-associated virus; adenovirus; helper virus; herpes simplex virus; viral coinfections; viral vectors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Boxed texts on the left (green) describe each step during AAV replication. The role of HSV-1 (yellow) or AdV5 (red) helper factors and interfering cellular factors (purple) are indicated in the figure and described on the right. AAV Rep-proteins are depicted in green. HSV-1 and AdV5 helper factors in Step 6 are unclear and, therefore, put in brackets.

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References

1. Atchison R.W., Casto B.C., Hammon W.M. Adenovirus-Associated Defective Virus Particles. Science. 1965 doi: 10.1126/science.149.3685.754. - DOI - PubMed
1. Hoggan M.D., Blacklow N.R., Rowe W.P. Studies of small DNA viruses found in various adenovirus preparations: Physical, biological, and immunological characteristics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1966;55:1467–1474. doi: 10.1073/pnas.55.6.1467. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Asokan A., Schaffer D.V., Jude Samulski R. The AAV Vector Toolkit: Poised at the Clinical Crossroads. Mol. Ther. 2012;20:699–708. doi: 10.1038/mt.2011.287. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Rabinowitz J.E., Rolling F., Li C., Conrath H., Xiao W., Xiao X., Samulski R.J. Cross-Packaging of a Single Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Type 2 Vector Genome into Multiple AAV Serotypes Enables Transduction with Broad Specificity. J. Virol. 2002;76:791–801. doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.791-801.2002. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Calcedo R., Vandenberghe L.H., Gao G., Lin J., Wilson J.M. Worldwide Epidemiology of Neutralizing Antibodies to Adeno-Associated Viruses. J. Infect. Dis. 2009;199:381–390. doi: 10.1086/595830. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Atchison R.W., Casto B.C., Hammon W.M. Adenovirus-Associated Defective Virus Particles. Science. 1965 doi: 10.1126/science.149.3685.754. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Atchison R.W., Casto B.C., Hammon W.M. Adenovirus-Associated Defective Virus Particles. Science. 1965 doi: 10.1126/science.149.3685.754. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Hoggan M.D., Blacklow N.R., Rowe W.P. Studies of small DNA viruses found in various adenovirus preparations: Physical, biological, and immunological characteristics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1966;55:1467–1474. doi: 10.1073/pnas.55.6.1467. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Hoggan M.D., Blacklow N.R., Rowe W.P. Studies of small DNA viruses found in various adenovirus preparations: Physical, biological, and immunological characteristics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1966;55:1467–1474. doi: 10.1073/pnas.55.6.1467. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Asokan A., Schaffer D.V., Jude Samulski R. The AAV Vector Toolkit: Poised at the Clinical Crossroads. Mol. Ther. 2012;20:699–708. doi: 10.1038/mt.2011.287. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Asokan A., Schaffer D.V., Jude Samulski R. The AAV Vector Toolkit: Poised at the Clinical Crossroads. Mol. Ther. 2012;20:699–708. doi: 10.1038/mt.2011.287. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Rabinowitz J.E., Rolling F., Li C., Conrath H., Xiao W., Xiao X., Samulski R.J. Cross-Packaging of a Single Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Type 2 Vector Genome into Multiple AAV Serotypes Enables Transduction with Broad Specificity. J. Virol. 2002;76:791–801. doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.791-801.2002. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Rabinowitz J.E., Rolling F., Li C., Conrath H., Xiao W., Xiao X., Samulski R.J. Cross-Packaging of a Single Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Type 2 Vector Genome into Multiple AAV Serotypes Enables Transduction with Broad Specificity. J. Virol. 2002;76:791–801. doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.791-801.2002. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Calcedo R., Vandenberghe L.H., Gao G., Lin J., Wilson J.M. Worldwide Epidemiology of Neutralizing Antibodies to Adeno-Associated Viruses. J. Infect. Dis. 2009;199:381–390. doi: 10.1086/595830. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Calcedo R., Vandenberghe L.H., Gao G., Lin J., Wilson J.M. Worldwide Epidemiology of Neutralizing Antibodies to Adeno-Associated Viruses. J. Infect. Dis. 2009;199:381–390. doi: 10.1086/595830. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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The Interplay between Adeno-Associated Virus and its Helper Viruses

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The Interplay between Adeno-Associated Virus and its Helper Viruses

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