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Review
. 2020 Jun 23:15:42.
doi: 10.1186/s13027-020-00307-6. eCollection 2020.

Epstein-Barr virus BART microRNAs in EBV- associated Hodgkin lymphoma and gastric cancer

Valli De Re  1 , Laura Caggiari  1 , Mariangela De Zorzi  1 , Valentina Fanotto  2 , Gianmaria Miolo  2 , Fabio Puglisi  2   3 , Renato Cannizzaro  4   5 , Vincenzo Canzonieri  6 , Agostino Steffan  1 , Piero Farruggia  7 , Egesta Lopci  8 , Emanuele S G d'Amore  9 , Roberta Burnelli  10 , Lara Mussolin  11 , Maurizio Mascarin  12
Affiliations
Review

Epstein-Barr virus BART microRNAs in EBV- associated Hodgkin lymphoma and gastric cancer

Valli De Re et al. Infect Agent Cancer. .

Abstract

Background: EBV produces miRNAs with important functions in cancer growth, tumor invasion and host immune surveillance. The discovery of EBV miR-BARTs is recent, and most of their functions are still unknown. Nonetheless, some new studies underline their key roles in EBV-associated malignancies.

Main body: In EBV-associated tumors, the expression profile of miR-BARTs varies according to the cell type, autophagic process and signals received from the tumor microenvironment. By the same way of interest is the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor environment by the release of selected EBV miR-BARTs in addition to the tumor proteins trough tumor exosomes.

Conclusion: In this review, we discuss new findings regarding EBV miR-BARTs in Hodgkin lymphoma and gastric cancer. The recent discovery that miRNAs are released by exosomes, including miR-BARTs, highlights the importance of tumor and microenvironment interplay with more specific effects on the host immune response.

Keywords: BamHI fragment a rightward transcript; EBV; Epstein-Barr virus; miRNA; Gastric carcinoma cancer; HL; Hodgkin lymphoma; GC; Micro RNA; BART.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThere are no conflicts of interest in connection with this paper, and the material described is not under publication or consideration for publication elsewhere.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Genomic map of the EBV region containing the BAMHI-I fragment. miR-BamHI fragment H rightward open reading frame 1 (BHFR1), latent EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 3 (EBNA3), latent EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), miR-BamHI A rightward transcripts (BARTs) in sequence order. Genomic deletion in the EBV B958.9 strain is shown. P1, promoter 1; P2, promoter 2; Qp, Q promoter are indicated by arrows
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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