Comparative analysis of transcriptomes revealed the molecular mechanism of development of Tricholoma matsutake at different stages of fruiting bodies

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the molecular mechanisms of development of Tricholoma matsutake fruiting body at the primordial stage (TM-1), the intermediate stage (TM-2) and the mature stage (TM-3) using RNA-Seq sequencing technology. The analysis of gene expression level revealed that the Spn2 and Eef1a1 gene were the key genes in the primordial stage of T. matsutake by regulating cytokinesis, protein synthesis, and cell growth. And the Ubc, Atp6, Cytb, and Pth2 gene were the key genes in the mature stage of T. matsutake by regulating energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Differential expression genes (DEGs) analysis results showed that Cdc28, Rad53, Dun1, Pho85 and Pho81 were the key DEGs regulating cell cycle genes of T. matsutake from primordial stage to intermediate stage. And APC, Cyr1, Cdc45, Spo11 and Rec8 genes were the key DEGs for the meiosis and sporogenesis of T. matsutake from the intermediate stage to the mature stage.

Keywords: Development; Molecular mechanism; RNA-sequencing; Transcriptome; Tricholoma matsutake.

Fig. 1

T. matsutake fruiting bodies in the early stage (TM-1) (A); T. matsutake fruiting bodies in the intermediate stage (TM-2) (B); T. matsutake fruiting bodies in the mature stage (TM-3) (C); Gene ontology (GO) function annotation classification for the transcriptome sequences of T. matsutake (D); KOG function annotation classification for the transcriptome sequences of T. matsutake (E); KEGG annotation for the transcriptome sequences of T. matsutake (F)

Fig. 1

T. matsutake fruiting bodies in the early stage (TM-1) (A); T. matsutake fruiting bodies in the intermediate stage (TM-2) (B); T. matsutake fruiting bodies in the mature stage (TM-3) (C); Gene ontology (GO) function annotation classification for the transcriptome sequences of T. matsutake (D); KOG function annotation classification for the transcriptome sequences of T. matsutake (E); KEGG annotation for the transcriptome sequences of T. matsutake (F)

Fig. 2

Volcano plot of di-erentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TM-1 and TM-2 (A); GO annotation of di-erentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TM-1 and TM-2 (B); Volcano plot of di-erentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TM-2 and TM-3 (C); GO annotation of di-erentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TM-2 and TM-3 (D)

Fig. 3

The representative top 20 pathways of differential expressed genes of TM-1 vs TM-2. Up-regulated in TM-2 (A); Down-regulated in TM-2 (B); KEGG annotation of the DEGs involved in cell cycle. (C) (Note: The DEGs between TM-1 and TM-2 are shown in the cell cycle pathway at G1, S, G2, and M phases. The genes in green represent down-regulated genes in TM-2, the genes in yellow represent that those genes are annotated by different contigs, which may be either up-regulated or down-regulated.); The representative top 20 pathways of differential expressed genes of TM-2 vs TM-3. Up-regulated in TM-3 (D); Down-regulated in TM-3 (E); and KEGG annotations of the DEGs involved in meiosis. (F) (Note: The DEGs between TM-2 and TM-3 are shown in the meiosis pathway at G1, S, G2, and M phases. The genes in green represent down-regulated genes in TM-2, the genes in red represent up-regulated genes in TM-3, the genes in yellow represent that those genes are annotated by different contigs, which may be either up-regulated or down-regulated.)

Fig. 3

The representative top 20 pathways of differential expressed genes of TM-1 vs TM-2. Up-regulated in TM-2 (A); Down-regulated in TM-2 (B); KEGG annotation of the DEGs involved in cell cycle. (C) (Note: The DEGs between TM-1 and TM-2 are shown in the cell cycle pathway at G1, S, G2, and M phases. The genes in green represent down-regulated genes in TM-2, the genes in yellow represent that those genes are annotated by different contigs, which may be either up-regulated or down-regulated.); The representative top 20 pathways of differential expressed genes of TM-2 vs TM-3. Up-regulated in TM-3 (D); Down-regulated in TM-3 (E); and KEGG annotations of the DEGs involved in meiosis. (F) (Note: The DEGs between TM-2 and TM-3 are shown in the meiosis pathway at G1, S, G2, and M phases. The genes in green represent down-regulated genes in TM-2, the genes in red represent up-regulated genes in TM-3, the genes in yellow represent that those genes are annotated by different contigs, which may be either up-regulated or down-regulated.)