Halo Femoral Traction for 1 Week Between Staged Anterior and Posterior Fusion Surgeries for Severe Adolescent Scoliosis Is Effective and Safe

Abstract

Objective: To report the outcomes of halo femoral traction (HFT) used for 1 week between anterior release and definitive posterior fusion in adolescents with severe rigid scoliosis.

Methods: A retrospective single-center review of 22 consecutive patients (mean age at surgery, 14.1 years; range, 10.5-18.2 years; 17 girls) with severe, rigid scoliosis treated with anterior release, followed by HFT for 7 days prior to posterior instrumented fusion. Cobb angles were measured preoperatively, 1 week after anterior release and traction, after posterior fusion, and at a minimum 2-year follow-up. Complications were recorded.

Results: Mean preoperative Cobb angle was 97° (range, 80°-118°), correcting to 52° with anterior release and HFT and 31° after posterior fusion. This equated to a 68% deformity correction and was maintained at final follow-up. Three traction-related complications were experienced, including 1 case of neck pain and 2 cases of brachial plexopathy that resolved with traction weight reduction.

Conclusions: Three-staged deformity correction using HFT for 1 week only offers gradual correction of the spine over sufficient time to optimize deformity correction yet minimizes neurologic dysfunction.

Keywords: Deformity; Fusion; Neurology; Scoliosis; Spine.