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. 2020 Jun 23;9(6):1962.
doi: 10.3390/jcm9061962.

Survival Outcomes of Patients with Pathologically Proven Positive Lymph Nodes at Time of Radical Cystectomy with or without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Guillaume Ploussard  1 , Benjamin Pradere  2   3 , Jean-Baptiste Beauval  1 , Christine Chevreau  4 , Christophe Almeras  1 , Etienne Suc  5 , Jean-Romain Gautier  1 , Anne-Pascale Laurenty  5 , Mathieu Roumiguié  6 , Guillaume Loison  1 , Christophe Tollon  1 , Loïc Mourey  4 , Ambroise Salin  1 , Evanguelos Xylinas  7 , Damien Pouessel  4
Affiliations

Survival Outcomes of Patients with Pathologically Proven Positive Lymph Nodes at Time of Radical Cystectomy with or without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Guillaume Ploussard et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: To compare overall survival (OS) outcomes in pN1-3 disease at the time of radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle invasive bladder according to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) status.

Materials and methods: This multicenter study included 450 consecutive patients undergoing RC for muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer with pN1-3 pM0 disease from 2010 to 2019. NAC consisted in platinum-based chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was the comparison between NAC and non-NAC in terms of death from any cause. OS was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios.

Results: Median age was 69 years. Patients receiving NAC were younger (p = 0.051), and more likely had downstaging to non-muscle invasive disease (10.7% versus 4.3%, p = 0.042). Median OS was 26.6 months. NAC patients had poorer OS compared with those who did receive NAC (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.6; p = 0.019). The persistence of muscle-invasive bladder in RC specimens was also significantly associated with OS (HR 2.40). In the NAC cohort, the two factors independently correlated with OS were the number of positive lymph nodes (p = 0.013) and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) (HR 0.31; p = 0.015).

Conclusions: Persistent nodal disease in RC specimens after NAC was associated with poor prognosis and lower OS rates compared with pN1-3 disease after upfront RC. In this sub-group of NAC patients, AC was independently associated with better OS.

Keywords: adjuvant; bladder cancer; chemotherapy; neoadjuvant; nodal disease; pN1; radical cystectomy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Overall survival (OS) curve in the overall cohort; (B) OS stratified by the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC); (C) OS stratified by the type of primary chemotherapy: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), adjuvant chemotherapy (AC), no chemotherapy.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Survival curves for overall survival (OS) in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) cohort stratified by the use of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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