Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Oct;27(28):35341-35348.
doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09564-9. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Filtered air intervention reduces inflammation and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation in adult male and female rats after PM 2.5 exposure

Cuiying Liu  1 , Jian Yang  2 , Longfei Guan  2 , Yuequan Zhu  2 , Xiaokun Geng  3   4
Affiliations

Filtered air intervention reduces inflammation and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation in adult male and female rats after PM 2.5 exposure

Cuiying Liu et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Oct.

Abstract

Previous studies have indicated that particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure stimulates systemic inflammation and activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, both of which are associated with stroke incidence and mortality. However, whether filtered air (FA) intervention modulates inflammation and HPA axis activation is still largely unknown. For FA group and PM2.5 group, adult Sprague-Dawley male and female rats were exposed to FA or PM2.5 for 6 months, respectively. For PM2.5 + 15 days FA group, the rats were achieved by receiving 15 days FA after PM2.5 exposure for 6 months. The immune cells and inflammatory biomarker levels in the blood and brain were analyzed by flow cytometry, ELISA, and qRT-PCR. To assess HPA axis activation, the levels of hormones in the blood were also analyzed by ELISA. FA intervention increased the percentage of CD4 T cells and T cells in the blood, which had decreased after PM2.5 exposure in both male and female rats. The ELISA and qRT-PCR results showed that FA intervention significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory biomarkers in the peripheral blood, and alleviated neuroinflammation in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. In addition, FA intervention also inhibited the inflammation in the hypothalamus and pituitary and adrenal glands, and decreased the levels of HPA axis hormones. Our results indicate that FA intervention exerts a protective effect on the brain by decreasing inflammation and HPA axis activation after PM2.5 exposure in both male and female rats.

Keywords: Filtered air intervention; Hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis; Inflammatory response; Neuroinflammation; Particulate matter.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Balasubramanian P, Sirivelu MP, Weiss KA, Wagner JG, Harkema JR, Morishita M, MohanKumar PS, MohanKumar SMJ (2013) Differential effects of inhalation exposure to PM2.5 on hypothalamic monoamines and corticotrophin releasing hormone in lean and obese rats. Neurotoxicology 36:106–111 - DOI
    1. Barra de la Tremblaye P, Plamondon H (2016) Alterations in the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurocircuitry: insights into post stroke functional impairments. Front Neuroendocrinol 42:53–75 - DOI
    1. Block ML, Calderon-Garciduenas L (2009) Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease. Trends Neurosci 32:506–516 - DOI
    1. Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA 3rd, Brook JR, Bhatnagar A et al (2010) Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: an update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 121:2331–2378 - DOI
    1. Calderon-Garciduenas L, Leray E, Heydarpour P, Torres-Jardon R, Reis J (2016) Air pollution, a rising environmental risk factor for cognition, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration: the clinical impact on children and beyond. Rev Neurol 172:69–80 - DOI

Substances

LinkOut - more resources