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. 2020 Jun 10:2020:7196981.
doi: 10.1155/2020/7196981. eCollection 2020.

Neuroinflammatory Gene Expression Pattern Is Similar between Allergic Rhinitis and Atopic Dermatitis but Distinct from Atopic Asthma

Paulina Sobkowiak  1 , Wojciech Langwiński  2 , Joanna Nowakowska  2 , Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak  1 , Dawid Szczepankiewicz  3 , Dorota Jenerowicz  4 , Eliza Wasilewska  5 , Anna Bręborowicz  1 , Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz  3
Affiliations

Neuroinflammatory Gene Expression Pattern Is Similar between Allergic Rhinitis and Atopic Dermatitis but Distinct from Atopic Asthma

Paulina Sobkowiak et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Methods: In the study, we included 86 children diagnosed with atopic asthma (n = 25), allergic rhinitis (n = 20), and atopic dermatitis (n = 20) and healthy control subjects (n = 21) of Caucasian origin from the Polish population. The blood leukocyte expression of 31 genes involved in neuroinflammatory response (neurotrophins, their receptors, neuropeptides, and histamine signaling pathway) was analysed using TaqMan low-density arrays. The relative expression of selected proteins from plasma was done using TaqMan Protein Assays. Statistical analysis was done using Statistica.

Results: Blood expression of 31 genes related to neuroimmune interactions showed significant increase in both allergic diseases, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, in comparison to the control group. We found 12 genes significantly increased in allergic rhinitis and 9 genes in which the expression was elevated in atopic dermatitis. Moreover, 9 genes with changed expression in atopic dermatitis overlapped with those in allergic rhinitis. Atopic asthma showed 5 genes with altered expression. The peripheral expression of neuroinflammatory genes in the human study was verified in target tissues (nasal epithelium and skin) in a rat model of allergic inflammation.

Conclusions: A common pattern of neuroinflammatory gene expression between allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis may reflect similar changes in sensory nerve function during chronic allergic inflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Heat maps for gene expression analysis in allergic rhinitis patients (AR) (reference: control group) (a) and atopic dermatitis (AD) patients (reference: control group) (b).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of plasma levels for neurotrophin-3, neurotrophin-4, and HRH2 proteins in allergic rhinitis (a, b, c, respectively) and atopic dermatitis patients versus control group (d, e, f, respectively) (Mann–Whitney U-test).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Heat maps for gene expression analysis in allergic rhinitis patients (reference: atopic asthmatic patients) (a), atopic dermatitis patients (reference: atopic asthmatic patients) (b), and atopic asthmatic patients (reference: control group).
Figure 4
Figure 4
The comparison of total IgE concentration (a) and eosinophil counts (b) between allergic rats and the control group.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The comparison of tissue-specific expression of Hrh1 and Cgrp in the nasal epithelium (a, b) and Ntf-3 and Ntf-4 in the skin (c, d) between allergic and control rats (t-test, n = 6).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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