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. 2020 Jun 29;20(1):606.
doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07098-4.

MAGE-A4, NY-ESO-1 and SAGE mRNA expression rates and co-expression relationships in solid tumours

Mikiya Ishihara  1 , Shinichi Kageyama  2 , Yoshihiro Miyahara  3 , Takeshi Ishikawa  4 , Shugo Ueda  5 , Norihito Soga  6 , Hiroaki Naota  7 , Katsumi Mukai  8 , Naozumi Harada  9 , Hiroaki Ikeda  10 , Hiroshi Shiku  11   3
Affiliations

MAGE-A4, NY-ESO-1 and SAGE mRNA expression rates and co-expression relationships in solid tumours

Mikiya Ishihara et al. BMC Cancer. .

Abstract

Background: Cancer testis (CT) antigens are promising targets for cancer immunotherapies such as cancer vaccines and genetically modified adoptive T cell therapy. In this study, we evaluated the expression of three CT antigens, melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), New York oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) and sarcoma antigen gene (SAGE).

Methods: MAGE-A4, NY-ESO-1 and/or SAGE antigen expression in tumour samples was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Informed consent was obtained from individuals prior to study enrolment.

Results: In total, 585 samples in 21 tumour types were evaluated between June 2009 and March 2018. The positive expression rates of these CT antigens were as follows: MAGE-A4, 34.6% (range, 30.7-38.7); NY-ESO-1, 21.0% (range, 17.2-25.1); and SAGE, 21.8% (range, 18.5-25.4). The MAGE-A4 antigen was expressed in 54.9% of oesophageal cancers, 37.5% of head and neck cancers, 35.0% of gastric cancers and 34.2% of ovarian cancers; the NY-ESO-1 antigen was expressed in 28.6% of lung cancers, 25.3% of oesophageal cancers and 22.6% of ovarian cancers; and the SAGE antigen was expressed in 35.3% of prostate cancers, 32.9% of oesophageal cancers and 26.3% of ovarian cancers. The most common tumour type in this study was oesophageal cancer. MAGE-A4, NY-ESO-1 and SAGE antigen expression were assessed in 214 oesophageal cancer samples, among which 24 (11.2%) were triple-positive, 58 (27.1%) were positive for any two, 59 (27.6%) were positive for any one, and 73 (34.1%) were triple negative.

Conclusions: Oesophageal cancer exhibited a relatively high rate of CT antigen mRNA expression positivity.

Keywords: MAGE-A4; NY-ESO-1; SAGE; Solid tumour; qRT-PCR.

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Conflict of interest statement

S. Kageyama and H. Shiku received research funding from Takara Bio Inc. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Relationship among MAGE-A4, NY-ESO-1 and SAGE mRNA expression. Pearson’s chi-squared test of independence was used for evaluation. There was a relationship among MAGE-A4, NY-ESO-1 and SAGE expression (all p < 0.01)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Co-expression of CT antigens in tumours. All 3 antigens were assessed in 436 patients. Among 21 tumour types, 3 with a high CT antigen expression rate were selected
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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