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Review
. 2020 Aug;17(4):405-414.
doi: 10.1007/s11904-020-00508-z.

Epidemiology, Natural History, and Treatment of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection in HIV/Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection

Nicole D Ferrante  1   2 , Vincent Lo Re 3rd  3   4   5
Affiliations
Review

Epidemiology, Natural History, and Treatment of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection in HIV/Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection

Nicole D Ferrante et al. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2020 Aug.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Limited data exist on the prevalence, determinants, and outcomes of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection among HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected persons. This review provides current evidence on the epidemiology, natural history, and treatment of HDV infection in patients with HIV/HBV coinfection and highlights future research needs.

Recent findings: Cross-sectional studies in Europe, Africa, South America, and Asia show that the prevalence of HDV among HIV/HBV-coinfected patients ranges from 1.2 to 25%. No studies have evaluated the prevalence of HDV infection among HIV/HBV-coinfected patients in the USA. HDV infection increases the risk of hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma among HIV/HBV-coinfected patients. HDV treatment remains limited to pegylated interferon-alpha, which results in sustained virologic response in fewer than 25%. Data on the epidemiology, natural history, and treatment of HDV among HIV/HBV-coinfected persons remain limited. More research is needed to address these knowledge gaps in order to better manage HDV coinfection in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients.

Keywords: HDV; HIV/HBV coinfection; Hepatitis B infection; Hepatitis D virus; Hepatitis delta infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest

No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Current and potential future targets for therapeutic interventions against chronic hepatitis delta virus infection. Abbreviations: HDAg=hepatitis delta antigen; HDV=hepatitis delta virus; Host RNA pol=host RNA polymerase; HBsAg=hepatitis B surface antigen; L-HDAg=large hepatitis delta antigen; mRNA=messenger RNA; PEG-IFN-α=pegylated interferon alpha; S-HDAg=small hepatitis delta antigen
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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