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Review
. 2020 Jun 30;40(2):06.
doi: 10.35946/arcr.v40.2.06. eCollection 2020.

Maternal Substance Use: Consequences, Identification, and Interventions

Grace Chang  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Maternal Substance Use: Consequences, Identification, and Interventions

Grace Chang. Alcohol Res. .

Abstract

Alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis are the substances most frequently used during pregnancy, and opioid-exposed pregnancies have increased fourfold. The purpose of this review is to describe the prevalence and consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and opioids. Currently available screening questionnaires for prenatal substance use are summarized and contrasted with the measures available for prenatal alcohol use. Because screening for prenatal alcohol and substance use is but the prelude to efforts to mitigate the potential adverse consequences, attempts for the modification of these consequences are briefly reviewed. In addition, areas of future research related to the criminalization of prenatal substance use, which may inhibit both inquiry and disclosure, are discussed. Indeed, the full potential of effective interventions has yet to be realized.

Keywords: prenatal alcohol substance use; screening and intervention.

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Conflict of interest statement

Financial disclosure The author receives royalty payments from UpToDate.

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