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. 2020 Nov;21(7):1310-1321.
doi: 10.1111/pedi.13074. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Microalbuminuria and retinopathy in adolescents and young adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Anna E Ek  1   2 , Ulf Samuelsson  3 , Annika Janson  2   4   5 , Annelie Carlsson  6 , Amira Elimam  1   2 , Claude Marcus  1
Affiliations
Free article

Microalbuminuria and retinopathy in adolescents and young adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Anna E Ek et al. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Nov.
Free article

Abstract

Aim: To estimate the occurrence of complications related to early-onset type 2 diabetes compared with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: All individuals registered in the Swedish Pediatric Quality Diabetes Register and the Swedish National Diabetes Register with type 2 diabetes diagnosis at 10 to 25 years of age between 1996 and 2014 (n = 1413) were included. As controls, individuals with type 1 diabetes were randomly selected from the same registers and were matched for age, sex, and year-of-onset (n = 3748).

Results: Of the adolescents with type 2 diabetes in the pediatric register, 7.7% had microalbuminuria and 24.6% had signs of retinopathy 5 years after diagnosis, whereas the adolescents with type 1 diabetes 3.8% had microalbuminuria and 19.2% had retinopathy. Among the young adults with type 2 diabetes from the adult diabetes register 10 years after diagnosis 15.2% had microalbuminuria and 39.7% retinopathy, whereas the young adults with type 1 diabetes 4.8% had microalbuminuria and 43.8% retinopathy. After adjustment for established risk factors measured over time in the whole combined cohort, individuals with type 2 diabetes had significantly higher risk of microalbuminuria with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.32 (95% confidence interval, CI 2.86-3.85, P < .001), and retinopathy with a HR of 1.17 (95% CI 1.06-1.30, P 0.04).

Conclusions: The prevalence of complications and comorbidities was higher among those with type 2 diabetes compared with type 1 diabetes, although prevalent in both groups. Early monitoring and more active treatment of type 2 diabetes in young individuals is required.

Keywords: adolescents; microalbuminuria; retinopathy; type 2 diabetes.

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References

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