Multi-institutional review of bowel management strategies in children with anorectal malformations

Abstract

Background/rationale: To describe current bowel management program (BMP) strategies in anorectal malformation (ARM) patients based on patient-level predictors using data from a multi-institutional consortium.

Materials/methods: Patient bowel function and BMP were reviewed from Pediatric Colorectal and Pelvic Learning Consortium (PCPLC) data. The PCPLC is comprised of multidisciplinary specialists researching colorectal and pelvic disorders. Seven US institutions submitted de-identified clinical data on ARM patients into a centralized patient registry.

Results: The primary ARM of 624 patients was categorized into Mild (45.2%), Moderate (40.4%) or Complex (14.2%) anomaly classifications. Patient-specific BMP were examined based on age and on the presence of spinal cord/sacral anomalies. 418 (67%) enrolled patients were prescribed BMP (<5 yo 56.4%; ≥5-<12 yo 86.7%; ≥12 81.5%). Constipation was the primary chief complaint (80.2%). Forty percent of patients on a BMP were toilet trained and approximately one-half (48.5%) reported daytime stool accidents. Secondary surgical interventions for antegrade continence enemas (ACE) were examined; 14.5% of patients employed ACE strategies and utilization increased with age and varied based on anatomic anomalies.

Conclusions: This is the first report on BMP strategies for patients with ARM from the Pediatric Colorectal and Pelvic Learning Consortium. Individual patient characteristics are explored for their impact on bowel management strategy utilization.

Level of evidence: IV.

Keywords: Anorectal malformation (ARM); Antegrade continence Enema (ACE); Bowel management program (BMP).