Coexisting systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity in MOG-IgG1-associated disorders versus AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD

Abstract

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has been demonstrated to be associated with non-organ and organ-specific autoantibodies (antinuclear antibody, extractable nuclear antibody, double-stranded DNA, muscle acetylcholine receptor antibody) and systemic autoimmune diseases. In this study, we evaluated whether a similar association with non-organ and organ-specifc autoantibodies occurs in patients with MOG-IgG1-associated disorders. We determined that MOG-IgG1 was not strongly associated with these organ and non-organ-specific autoantibodies. Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) was significantly associated with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD and not with MOGAD (p = 0.037). These findings suggest differences in co-existing systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity between MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD.

Keywords: AQP4-IgG neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; MOG-IgG-associated disorders; autoimmunity; humoral immunity; systemic lupus erythematous.