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. 2020:28:e20190766.
doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0766. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Effect of two corticotomy protocols on periodontal tissue and orthodontic movement

Marcelo Lelis Zuppardo  1 , Milton Santamaria  2 , Camila Lopes Ferreira  1 , Mariéllen Longo  1 , Joni Augusto Cirelli  3 , Mauro Pedrine Santamaria  1 , Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini  1
Affiliations

Effect of two corticotomy protocols on periodontal tissue and orthodontic movement

Marcelo Lelis Zuppardo et al. J Appl Oral Sci. 2020.

Abstract

Objective To compare two corticotomy surgical protocols in rats to verify whether they alter conventional orthodontic movement. Methodology Sixty Wistar rats were divided into three groups - orthodontic movement (CG), orthodontic movement and corticotomy (G1) and orthodontic movement with corticotomy and decortication (G2) - and euthanized after 7 and 14 days. Tooth movement (mm), bone volume fraction and bone volume ratio to total volume (BV/TV), and bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated by micro-CT. The total amount of bone was measured in square millimeters and expressed as the percentage of bone area in the histomorphometry. The number of positive TRAP cells and RANK/RANKL/OPG interaction were also investigated. Results Day 14 showed a statistically significant difference in orthodontic tooth movement in CG compared with G1 (7.52 mm; p=0.009) and G2 (7.36 mm; p=0.016). A micro-CT analysis revealed a difference between CG, G1 and G2 regarding BV/TV, with G1 and G2 presenting a lower BV/TV ratio at 14 days (0.77 and 0.73 respectively); we found no statistically significant differences regarding BMD. There was a difference in the total amount of bone in the CG group between 7 and 14 days. At 14 days, CG presented a significantly higher bone percentage than G1 and G2. Regarding TRAP, G2 had more positive cells at 7 and 14 days compared with CG and G1. Conclusion Corticotomy accelerates orthodontic movement. Decortication does not improve corticotomy efficiency.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Schematic drawing of corticotomy(a) and decortication (b)
Figure 2
Figure 2. Delimitation of histomorphometric analyses
Cross-section of the first molar mandibular with geometric area and total amount of bone outlined.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Transverse plane images performed on high-resolution microcomputer tomography
Images represent the right mandible teeth, where corticotomy (G-blue arrow), and corticotomy and decortication (G2-red arrow) were performed. Yellow arrows indicate the space created between the first and second molars in the vestibular region of the transverse plane.
Figure 4
Figure 4. RANK, RANKL, OPG immunolabeling
Immunolabeling score for RANK(a), RANKL(c), and OPG(e); photomicrographs evidencing the immunolabeling pattern for RANK(b); RANKL(d); and OPG(f). Blue arrows show immunolabeling cells. Abbreviations: ab: alveolar bone; L: lingual; B: buccal: M: mesial; D: distal 400x. Hematoxylin from Harris.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Mean and standard deviation of TRAP immunolabeling
TRAP-positive cells/mm2 in different experimental groups and periods (a); photomicrographs evidencing the immunolabeling pattern for TRAP (blue arrows) in the CG 7d (b), CG 14d (c), G1 7d (d), G1 14d (e), G2 7d (f), G2 14d (g). Abbreviations: ab, alveolar bone; L: lingual; B: buccal: M: mesial; D: distal; §, statistically significant difference of CG and G1 groups in the same period. 400x. Hematoxylin from Harris.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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