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Review
. 2020 Jul 11;17(14):4993.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144993.

Venous Thromboembolism in Children: From Diagnosis to Management

Giuseppe Lassandro  1 , Viviana Valeria Palmieri  1 , Valentina Palladino  1 , Anna Amoruso  1 , Maria Felicia Faienza  1 , Paola Giordano  1
Affiliations
Review

Venous Thromboembolism in Children: From Diagnosis to Management

Giuseppe Lassandro et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children is a rare occurrence, although in recent decades we have seen an increase due to several factors, such as the rise in survival of subjects with chronic conditions, the use of catheters, and the increased sensitivity of diagnostic tools. Besides inherited thrombophilia, acquired conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, chronic disorders, obesity and malignancy are also common risk factors for paediatric VTE. The treatment of paediatric VTE consists of the use of heparins and/or vitamin K antagonists to prevent dissemination, embolization, and secondary VTE. Randomized clinical trials of direct oral anticoagulants in paediatric VTE are ongoing, with the aim to improve the compliance and the care of patients. We reviewed the physiological and pathological mechanisms underlying paediatric thrombosis and updated the current diagnosis and treatment options.

Keywords: diagnosis; paediatrics; risk factors; thrombosis; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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