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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Jul 14;19(1):71.
doi: 10.1186/s12937-020-00587-z.

The effects of green coffee extract supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of clinical trials

Omid Asbaghi  1 , Mehdi Sadeghian  2 , Morteza Nasiri  3   4 , Mahmoud Khodadost  5   6 , Azad Shokri  7 , Bahman Panahande  8 , Aliyar Pirouzi  9 , Omid Sadeghi  10   11
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The effects of green coffee extract supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of clinical trials

Omid Asbaghi et al. Nutr J. .

Abstract

Background: The role of coffee consumption in the risk of cardiovascular diseases has been debated for many years. The current study aimed to summarize earlier evidence on the effects of green coffee extract (GCE) supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile.

Methods: We searched available online databases for relevant clinical trials published up to October 2019. All clinical trials investigating the effect of GCE supplementation, compared with a control group, on fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were included. Overall, 14 clinical trials with a total sample size of 766 participants were included in the current meta-analysis.

Results: We found a significant reducing effect of GCE supplementation on FBG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -2.35, 95% CI: - 3.78, - 0.92 mg/dL, P = 0.001) and serum insulin (WMD: -0.63, 95% CI: - 1.11, - 0.15 μU/L, P = 0.01). With regard to lipid profile, we observed a significant reduction only in serum levels of TC following GCE supplementation in the overall meta-analysis (WMD: -4.51, 95% CI: - 8.39, - 0.64, P = 0.02). However, subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in serum TG in studies enrolled both genders. Also, such a significant reduction was seen in serum levels of LDL and HDL when the analyses confined to studies with intervention duration of ≥8 weeks and those included female subjects. In the non-linear dose-response analyses, we found that the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) dosage, the main polyphenol in GCE, on FBG, TG and HDL were in the non-linear fashions.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that GCE supplementation improved FBG and serum levels of insulin and TC. Also, there was a significant improvement in other markers of lipid profile in some subgroups of clinical trials.

Keywords: Chlorogenic acid; Glycemic indices; Green coffee; Lipid profile.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Forest plot for the effect of GCE supplementation on FBG levels, expressed as mean differences between intervention and control groups. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs. Diamonds represent pooled estimates from random-effects analysis. GCE: green coffee extract, FBG: fasting blood glucose, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot for the effect of GCE supplementation on serum insulin concentrations, expressed as mean differences between intervention and control groups. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs. Diamonds represent pooled estimates from random-effects analysis. GCE: green coffee extract, WMD: weighted mean difference, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot for the effect of GCE supplementation on serum TG concentrations, expressed as mean differences between intervention and control groups. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs. Diamonds represent pooled estimates from random-effects analysis. GCE: green coffee extract, TG: triglyceride, WMD: weighted mean difference, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plot for the effect of GCE supplementation on serum TC concentrations, expressed as mean differences between intervention and control groups. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs. Diamonds represent pooled estimates from random-effects analysis. GCE: green coffee extract, TC: total cholesterol, WMD: weighted mean difference, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Forest plot for the effect of GCE supplementation on serum LDL concentrations, expressed as mean differences between intervention and control groups. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs. Diamonds represent pooled estimates from random-effects analysis. GCE: green coffee extract, LDL: low-density lipoprotein, WMD: weighted mean difference, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Forest plot for the effect of GCE supplementation on serum HDL concentrations, expressed as mean differences between intervention and control groups. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs. Diamonds represent pooled estimates from random-effects analysis. GCE: green coffee extract, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, WMD: weighted mean difference, CI: confidence interval
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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