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. 2020 Jul 13;12(7):2076.
doi: 10.3390/nu12072076.

Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Breast Cancer in the SUN Project

Rocio Barrios-Rodríguez  1   2   3 , Estefanía Toledo  4   5   6 , Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez  4   5   6   7 , Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos  4 , Andrea Romanos-Nanclares  4   5 , José Juan Jiménez-Moleón  1   2   3
Affiliations

Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Breast Cancer in the SUN Project

Rocio Barrios-Rodríguez et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

A proportion of breast cancer cases are attributable to combined modifiable risk factors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) has recently updated the recommendations for cancer prevention and a standard scoring system has been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations (Third Expert Report) and the risk of breast cancer in the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") prospective cohort. Spanish female university graduates, initially free of breast cancer, were included (n = 10,930). An 8-item score to measure compliance to the recommendations was built: body fat, physical activity, consumption of wholegrains/vegetables/fruit/beans, "fast foods", red/processed meat consumption, sugar-sweetened drinks consumption, alcohol intake, and breastfeeding. A stratified analysis was conducted according to menopausal status. A non-significant inverse association was observed for overall breast cancer. The inverse association became statistically significant for post-menopausal breast cancer after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio for > 5 vs. ≤ 3 points = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08-0.93). The results suggested that the possible inverse association with breast cancer was attributable to the combined effects of the different nutritional and lifestyle components.

Keywords: 2018 WRCF/AICR recommendations; SUN Project; breast cancer; cohort.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow-chart of participants in the SUN (“Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra”) Project.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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