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Review
. 2020 Jun 19;55(2):103-116.
doi: 10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2019.76301. eCollection 2020.

What does a hemogram say to us?

Tülin Tiraje Celkan  1
Affiliations
Review

What does a hemogram say to us?

Tülin Tiraje Celkan. Turk Pediatri Ars. .

Abstract
in English, Turkish

The most commonly performed blood test is complete blood cell count. This test includes hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, and detailed red blood cell indices. Automated complete blood count also give information for "differential" which gives information about percentages and absolute numbers of different subgroups of white blood cells. This test is necessary in diagnosing anemia, hematological cancers, infections, acute hemorrhagic states, allergies, and immunodeficiencies. Also it is used for monitoring side effects of certain drugs. A pediatrician is frequently challenged for evaluating complete blood count as a part patient's assessment. An enhanced and complete understanding of this laboratory test is essential for providing quality care of sick and normal children. Here in this paper, we want to share key laboratory interpretation strategies for complete blood count and some clues for differentiating normal from deviations and true problems.

En sık istenilen kan testi tam kan sayımıdır. Bu test hemoglobin, lökosit, trombosit sayılarını ve ayrıntılı olarak eritrosit parametrelerini içerir. Otomotik kan sayım cihazlarının verdiği sonuçlar artık lökosit alt gruplarının yüzdeleri ve sayıları konusunda da bilgi vermektedir. Kan sayımı; anemi, hematolojik kanserler, enfeksiyonlar, akut kanamalar, alerjik hastalıklar ve immün yetmezliklerin tanısı için gerekli bir testtir. Ayrıca bazı ilaçların yan etkilerinin izlemi için de gereklidir. Bir çocuk hekiminin hastasını değerlendirmesi genelde tam kan sayımı okumasını ve yorumlamasını da gerektirir. Bu testin nitelikli olarak değerlendirilmesi hasta ve normal çocuk izleminde önemlidir. Bu yazıda hemogram değerlendirmesinde önemli noktalara değinilerek normal ve sorunlu durumların ayrılabilmesi için ipuçları paylaşılmıştır.

Keywords: Abnormal hemogram values; child; hemogram; normal hemogram values.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The author have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Technique for preparing qualified smear
Figure 2
Figure 2
A smear prepared in a qualified manner (8)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Examples of smears prepared poorly (8)
Figure 4
Figure 4
The screening method to be pursued during smear counting with the objective of not counting the same cells repeatedly (8)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Demonstration of RBC sizes in histrogram and evaluation in peripheral blood smear
Figure 6
Figure 6
The areas where the RBCs fall one-by-one should be evaluated on a blood smear to be counted
Figure 7
Figure 7
Presence of anisocytosis and poikilocytosis; hypochromic, microcytic RBCs
Figure 8
Figure 8
Differential diagnosis of anemia
Figure 9
Figure 9
Appearance of two different ways of using RDW in histogram
Figure 10
Figure 10
Demonstration of reticulocyte with supravital stain
Figure 11
Figure 11
Histogram of WBCs
Figure 12
Figure 12
Presence of bands, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils in peripheral blood smear
Figure 13
Figure 13
Localization of WBC subgroups on the X and Y axis in interpretation of histograms
Figure 14
Figure 14
Bands and neutrophils
Figure 15
Figure 15
Hemogram printout of case 1
Figure 16
Figure 16
Hemogram printout of case 2
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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