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. 2020 Jul 21;15(7):e0236307.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236307. eCollection 2020.

Consolidation in a crisis: Patterns of international collaboration in early COVID-19 research

Caroline V Fry  1 , Xiaojing Cai  2   3 , Yi Zhang  4 , Caroline S Wagner  2
Affiliations

Consolidation in a crisis: Patterns of international collaboration in early COVID-19 research

Caroline V Fry et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

This paper seeks to understand whether a catastrophic and urgent event, such as the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, accelerates or reverses trends in international collaboration, especially in and between China and the United States. A review of research articles produced in the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic shows that COVID-19 research had smaller teams and involved fewer nations than pre-COVID-19 coronavirus research. The United States and China were, and continue to be in the pandemic era, at the center of the global network in coronavirus related research, while developing countries are relatively absent from early research activities in the COVID-19 period. Not only are China and the United States at the center of the global network of coronavirus research, but they strengthen their bilateral research relationship during COVID-19, producing more than 4.9% of all global articles together, in contrast to 3.6% before the pandemic. In addition, in the COVID-19 period, joined by the United Kingdom, China and the United States continued their roles as the largest contributors to, and home to the main funders of, coronavirus related research. These findings suggest that the global COVID-19 pandemic shifted the geographic loci of coronavirus research, as well as the structure of scientific teams, narrowing team membership and favoring elite structures. These findings raise further questions over the decisions that scientists face in the formation of teams to maximize a speed, skill trade-off. Policy implications are discussed.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Top 10 institutions in terms of publication quantity in coronavirus research in the COVID-19 period.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Network of international collaborative relationships in pre-COVID-19 period, January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019.
Edges lower than 4 are removed.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Network of international collaborative relationships during COVID-19 period, January 1, 2020 to April 8, 2020.
Edges lower than 2 are removed.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Ego-networks of China in pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Ego-networks of the United States in COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 periods.
Fig 6
Fig 6. Co-term networks of the COVID-19 research in pre- and COVID-19 periods.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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