The eminent roles of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of psoriasis

Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-related disorder in which both genetic and environmental parameters are involved. Recent studies have demonstrated dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the peripheral blood or skin lesions of patients with psoriasis. While a number of lncRNAs such as MEG3, AL162231.4 and NONHSAT044111 have been down-regulated in the course of psoriasis, others including PRINS, MIR31HG, RP6-65G23.1, MSX2P1, SLC6A14-1:1, NR_003062 have been up-regulated. Moreover, expressions of several miRNAs have been dysregulated in this disorder. Among dysregulated miRNAs are miR-126, miR-143, miR-19a and miR-155 whose diagnostic roles in the psoriasis have also been assessed. Dysregulated non-coding RNAs in this disorder participate in the regulation of chemokine signaling pathway and immune response, control of epidermal development and skin barrier as well as modulation of function of certain subsets of T cells. Besides, these transcripts possibly regulate activity of NF-κΒ, mTOR, MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Besides, expression levels of circRNAs have been decreased in the psoriasis lesions. Massive alterations in the levels of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the psoriasis lesions or peripheral blood of affected individuals show participation of these transcripts in the pathogenesis of this disorder.

Keywords: Psoriasis; lncRNA; miRNA.

Fig. 1

miR-138 is decreased in patients with psoriasis. This miRNA binds with 3′ UTR of RUNX3 to suppress its expression. Thus, down-regulation of miR-138 leads to up-regulation of RUNX3 which increases Th1/Th2 ratio [23]. miR-210 is increases in the psoriasis. This miRNA binds with 3′ UTR of FOXP3. FOXP3 is a master transcription factor for differentiation of Treg cells. Thus, miR-210 over-expression leads to reduction in the numbers of Treg cells [24].