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. 2020 Jul 22;25(15):3334.
doi: 10.3390/molecules25153334.

Clove Oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Activity against Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris Biofilm on Technical Surfaces

Alina Kunicka-Styczyńska  1 , Agnieszka Tyfa  1 , Dariusz Laskowski  2 , Aleksandra Plucińska  1 , Katarzyna Rajkowska  1 , Krystyna Kowal  1
Affiliations

Clove Oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Activity against Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris Biofilm on Technical Surfaces

Alina Kunicka-Styczyńska et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Acidotermophilic bacteria Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris is one of the main contaminants in the fruit industry forming biofilms which are difficult to remove from the production line by conventional methods. An alternative approach aims for the use of essential oils to prevent Alicyclobacillus biofilm development. The effect of clove essential oil on A. acidoterrestris biofilms on glass and polyvinyl chloride surfaces under static and agitated culture conditions was investigated by atomic force microscopy and the plate count method. The medium-flow and the type of technical surface significantly influenced A. acidoterrestris biofilm. The PVC was colonized in a greater extent comparing to glass. Clove essential oil in 0.05% (v/v) caused 25.1-65.0% reduction of biofilms on the technical surfaces along with substantial changes in their morphology by a decrease in the biofilm: height, surface roughness, and surface area difference. The oil also induced alteration in individual bacterial cells length and visible increase of their roughness. Clove essential oil seems to release EPS from biofilm and thus induce detachment of bacteria from the surface. Due to anti-A. acidoterrestris biofilm activity, the clove oil may be used in the juice industry to hinder a development of A. acidoterrestris biofilms on production surfaces.

Keywords: Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris; PVC; antibiofilm; bacterial biofilm; clove oil; glass.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Quantification of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris biofilm formed on glass and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surfaces in cultures non-agitated (light bars) and agitated (dark bars) without clove oil (control) and with 0.05% clove oil: (a) A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922 on glass surface; (b) A. acidoterrestris 055 on glass surface; (c) A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922 on PVC surface; and (d) A. acidoterrestris 055 on PVC surface.
Figure 2
Figure 2
AFM imaging of A. acidoterrestris biofilm formed on glass and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surfaces in cultures non-agitated (static) and agitated without clove oil (control) and with 0.05% clove oil: (a) A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922; (b) A. acidoterrestris 055.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structural parameters of A. acidoterrestris biofilm formed on glass and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surfaces in cultures non-agitated (light bars) and agitated (dark bars) without clove oil (control) and with 0.05% clove oil: (a) A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922 on glass surface; (b) A. acidoterrestris 055 on glass surface; (c) A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922 on PVC surface; (d) A. acidoterrestris 055 on PVC surface.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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