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Review
. 2020 Jul 2:8:552.
doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00552. eCollection 2020.

Enhancing Hydrogen Storage Properties of MgH2 by Transition Metals and Carbon Materials: A Brief Review

Ze Sun  1 , Xiong Lu  1 , Farai Michael Nyahuma  1 , Nianhua Yan  1 , Jiankun Xiao  1 , Shichuan Su  1 , Liuting Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

Enhancing Hydrogen Storage Properties of MgH2 by Transition Metals and Carbon Materials: A Brief Review

Ze Sun et al. Front Chem. .

Abstract

Magnesium hydride (MgH2) has attracted intense attention worldwide as solid state hydrogen storage materials due to its advantages of high hydrogen capacity, good reversibility, and low cost. However, high thermodynamic stability and slow kinetics of MgH2 has limited its practical application. We reviewed the recent development in improving the sorption kinetics of MgH2 and discovered that transition metals and their alloys have been extensively researched to enhance the de/hydrogenation performance of MgH2. In addition, to maintain the cycling property during the de/hydrogenation process, carbon materials (graphene, carbon nanotubes, and other materials) have been proved to possess excellent effect. In this work, we introduce various categories of transition metals and their alloys to MgH2, focusing on their catalytic effect on improving the hydrogen de/absorption performance of MgH2. Besides, carbon materials together with transition metals and their alloys are also summarized in this study, which show better hydrogen storage performance. Finally, the existing problems and challenges of MgH2 as practical hydrogen storage materials are analyzed and possible solutions are also proposed.

Keywords: MgH2; carbon materials; cycling performance; hydrogen storage; transition metals.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The adsorption geometry of MgH2 on Fe (110) surface in top view (A). The brown, green, and white ball represent Fe, Mg, and H, respectively. The projected density of states (PDOS) of Mg and H of MgH2 before (upper) and after (lower) adsorption on Fe (110) (B). The Mg-H distances are shown as inset. The vertical dash line represents the Fermi energy. Reproduced from Zhang et al. (2019b) with permission from Elsevier.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Isothermal dehydrogenation curves of Mg–TM samples at 225, 250, and 275°C. (A) Mg-Ti; (B) Mg-Nb; (C) Mg-V; (D) Mg-Co; (E) Mg-Ni; (F) Mg-Mo. Reproduced from Cui et al. (2014) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic summary of hydrogenation mechanism of Mg particle catalyzed by ZrMn2 nanoportals. Reproduced from Zhang et al. (2019a) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry.
Figure 4
Figure 4
PCT dehydrogenation kinetics for different Ti-based alloy catalyzed magnesium hydrides at 240 °C (A) and 270 °C (B). Reproduced from Zhou et al. (2013) with permission from ACS Publications.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structural characterization of ball-milled MgH2 + 5 wt% FeNi/rGO: (A) XRD pattern, (B) TEM photograph with the HRTEM image and SAED pattern, and (C,D) corresponding EDS spectra with elemental mapping of Mg, Fe, and Ni. Reproduced from Ji et al. (2020) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Non-isothermal dehydrogenation/hydrogenation curves of the MgH2+10 wt% Zr0.4Ti0.6Co (A), MgH2+10 wt% Zr0.4Ti0.6Co/5 wt% CNTs (B) composites and as a function of cycling and the resulting line chart (C). Reproduced from Zhang L. et al. (2020) with permission from Elsevier.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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