The Application of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models in Gynecologic Cancers

Abstract

Recently, due to the limitations of cell line models and animal models in the preclinical research with insufficient reflecting the physiological situation of humans, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of many cancers have been widely developed because of their better representation of the tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment with retention of the cellular complexity, cytogenetics, and stromal architecture. PDX models now have been identified as a powerful tool for determining cancer characteristics, developing new treatment, and predicting drug efficacy. An increase in attempts to generate PDX models in gynecologic cancers has emerged in recent years to understand tumorigenesis. Hence, this review summarized the generation of PDX models and engraftment success of PDX models in gynecologic cancers. Furthermore, we illustrated the similarity between PDX model and original tumor, and described preclinical utilization of PDX models in gynecologic cancers. It would help supply better personalized therapy for gynecologic cancer patients.

Keywords: application; characteristics; gynecologic cancers; patient-derived xenograft models; preclinical utilization.

Figure 1

The development and application of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. F1: Cancer tissues are engrafted directly into immuno-deficient mice. F2: Then cancers are transplanted into a second generation of immuno-deficient mice.