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. 2020 Aug 3;10(1):12994.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70033-x.

Identification of resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

Fernanda S L Costa  1 , Caio C R Bezerra  2 , Renato M Neto  2 , Camilo L M Morais  3 , Kássio M G Lima  4
Affiliations

Identification of resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

Fernanda S L Costa et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are part of the Enterobacteriaceae family, being common sources of community and hospital infections and having high antimicrobial resistance. This resistance profile has become the main problem of public health infections. Determining whether a bacterium has resistance is critical to the correct treatment of the patient. Currently the method for determination of bacterial resistance used in laboratory routine is the antibiogram, whose time to obtain the results can vary from 1 to 3 days. An alternative method to perform this determination faster is excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy combined with multivariate classification methods. In this paper, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) and Support Vector Machines (SVM), coupled with dimensionality reduction and variable selection algorithms: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the Successive Projections Algorithm (SPA) were used. The most satisfactory models achieved sensitivity and specificity rates of 100% for all classes, both for E. coli and for K. pneumoniae. This finding demonstrates that the proposed methodology has promising potential in routine analyzes, streamlining the results and increasing the chances of treatment efficiency.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Excitation–emission molecular fluorescence matrix obtained for Klebsiella pneumoniae: sensitive (a), carbapenems resistant (b) and KPC (c). The Rayleigh and Raman scatterings were removed from the spectra.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Excitation–emission molecular fluorescence matrix obtained for sensitive Escherichia coli: sensitive (a), NDM (b) and CCBH 7018 (c). The Rayleigh and Raman scatterings were removed from the spectra.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Scores on the first principal component versus the second principal component for classes Klebsiella pneumoniae: sensitive (filled rhombus), carbapenems resistant (filled square) and KPC (filled triangle).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Scores on the first principal component versus the second principal component for classes Escherichia coli: sensitive (filled rhombus), NDM (filled square) and CCBH 7018 (filled triangle).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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