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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2020 Nov;55(11):3080-3087.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.25006. Epub 2020 Aug 12.

The effect of vitamin D administration on vitamin D status and respiratory morbidity in late premature infants

Inbal Golan-Tripto  1   2 , Jacob Bistritzer  1 , Neta Loewenthal  1 , Orna Staretz-Chacham  3 , Yotam Dizitzer  4 , Aviv Goldbart  1   2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

The effect of vitamin D administration on vitamin D status and respiratory morbidity in late premature infants

Inbal Golan-Tripto et al. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020 Nov.

Abstract

Objective: To assess whether increment of vitamin D daily intake results in improved serum25(OH) vitamin D levels and reduced respiratory morbidity in premature infants.

Methods: A randomized double-blind clinical pilot trial, including preterm infants born at 32 + 6 to 36 + 6 weeks of gestation. The control group received 400 international units (IU) of cholecalciferol daily compared to 800 IU daily in the intervention group. Levels of 25(OH) vitamin D were measured at birth and 6 and 12 months of age. Respiratory morbidity was followed until 1 year of age.

Results: Fifty subjects were recruited during the study period; the median measured 25(OH) vitamin D levels in the control vs intervention groups were: 26.5 vs 34 nmol/L (P = .271) at birth, 99 vs 75.5 nmol/L (P = .008) at 6 months and 72.5 vs 75 nmol/L (P = .95) at 12 months of age. Infants with insufficient vitamin D (<75 nmol/L) levels had higher respiratory morbidity. Serum vitamin 25(OH) D is a fair predictor for respiratory symptoms (area under the curve [AUC], 0.697; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.509-0.885; P = .047) and for recorded acute respiratory illnesses (AUC, 0.745; 95% CI, 0.569-0.922; P = .012).

Conclusion: Doubling the daily intake of vitamin D in premature infants did not increase serum 25(OH) vitamin D level, due to poor compliance in the intervention group. We found an inverse association between serum 25(OH) vitamin D and respiratory symptoms, indicating vitamin D deficiency is a fair predictor for respiratory morbidity.

Keywords: bronchiolitis; prematurity; vitamin D deficiency.

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References

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