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Review
. 2020 Aug 4;21(15):5572.
doi: 10.3390/ijms21155572.

Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review

Emi Dika  1   2 , Federica Scarfì  1   2 , Manuela Ferracin  3 , Elisabetta Broseghini  3 , Emanuela Marcelli  4 , Barbara Bortolani  4 , Elena Campione  5 , Mattia Riefolo  3 , Costantino Ricci  6 , Martina Lambertini  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review

Emi Dika et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of carcinoma worldwide. BCC development is the result of a complex interaction between environmental, phenotypic and genetic factors. However, despite the progress in the field, BCC biology and mechanisms of resistance against systemic treatments have been poorly investigated. The aim of the present review is to provide a revision of BCC histological and molecular features, including microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation, with a specific focus on the molecular basis of BCC systemic therapies. Papers from the last ten years regarding BCC genetic and phenotypic alterations, as well as the mechanism of resistance against hedgehog pathway inhibitors vismodegib and sonidegib were included. The involvement of miRNAs in BCC resistance to systemic therapies is emerging as a new field of knowledge.

Keywords: basal cell carcinoma; genetic; hedgehog pathway inhibitors; microRNA; sonidegib; treatment; vismodegib.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main molecular pathways involved in basal cell carcinoma.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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