Translation and Validation of the TOR-BSST^© into Brazilian Portuguese for Adults with Stroke

Aline Cristina Pacheco-Castilho¹, Gabriela de Martini Vanin², Beatrix Reichardt², Rubia Poliana Crisóstomo Miranda³, Ana Maria Queirós Norberto⁴, Monica Carvalho Braga⁵, Thatiana Barboza Carnevalli Bueno⁵, Karina Tavares Weber⁵, Taiza Elaine Grespan Santos⁵, João Pereira Leite⁵, Roberto Oliveira Dantas⁴, Octávio Marques Pontes-Neto^#⁵, Rosemary Martino^#^{2

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Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil. alinecpacheco_usp@yahoo.com.br.
² Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
⁶ Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
⁷ Swallowing Lab, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁸ Rehabilitation Science Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁹ Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁰ Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 32766936
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-020-10167-2

Translation and Validation of the TOR-BSST^© into Brazilian Portuguese for Adults with Stroke

Aline Cristina Pacheco-Castilho et al. Dysphagia. 2021 Aug.

. 2021 Aug;36(4):533-540.

doi: 10.1007/s00455-020-10167-2. Epub 2020 Aug 6.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil. alinecpacheco_usp@yahoo.com.br.
² Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
⁶ Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
⁷ Swallowing Lab, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁸ Rehabilitation Science Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁹ Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁰ Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 32766936
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-020-10167-2

Abstract

Brazil has a higher rate of dysphagia in stroke patients compared to developed countries, but does not have a fully validated method for early identification of dysphagia in this population. The aim of this study is to translate the TOR-BSST^© into Brazilian Portuguese and assess the newly translated version for reliability and validity with Brazilian adult patients with stroke. The translation of the TOR-BSST^© followed a multi-step process, according to the International Quality of Life Assessment project. For validation, we included patients with age ≥ 18 years and stroke diagnosis confirmed by neuroimaging and tolerance for videofluoroscopic swallowing assessment. The BR-PT_final TOR-BSST^© was administered by two trained screeners within two hours of videofluoroscopy. All assessors were independent and blinded. Estimates for reliability used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and for accuracy both sensitivity (SN) and negative predictive (NP) values were used, along with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sixty patients were enrolled and tested for a mean (SD) of 14.4 (6.9) days from last seen normal. Of all the patients, 41 (68.3%) failed the BR-PT_final TOR-BSST^© and 21 (35%) were scored to have dysphagia on videofluoroscopy, of which 11 (52.4%) had mild dysphagia. The overall reliability between screeners was satisfactory (ICC = 0.59; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.76). The SN and NP values for the BR-PT_final TOR-BSST^© were 85.7% (95% CI 0.62-0.96) and 84.2% (95% CI 0.72-0.95), respectively. The TOR-BSST^© was successfully translated to Brazilian Portuguese with the BR-PT_final TOR-BSST^© proven to have high sensitivity and negative predictive values when compared to gold standard videofluoroscopy.

Keywords: Brazil; Deglutition; Deglutition disorders; Dysphagia; Screening; Stroke.

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References

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Translation and Validation of the TOR-BSST^© into Brazilian Portuguese for Adults with Stroke

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Translation and Validation of the TOR-BSST^© into Brazilian Portuguese for Adults with Stroke

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Miscellaneous