Longitudinal Echocardiographic Assessment of Coronary Arteries and Left Ventricular Function following Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Abstract

Myocardial dysfunction and coronary artery dilation have been reported in the acute setting of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Through a longitudinal echocardiographic single-center study of 15 children, we report the short-term outcomes of cardiac dysfunction and coronary artery dilation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Keywords: COVID-19; coronary aneurysm; coronary dilation; pediatrics; systolic dysfunction.

Figure 1

Longitudinal echocardiographic data plotted on a line chart demonstrating the trajectory of each individual patient's findings over the study period. Time is depicted on the x-axis and is divided into intervals based on days since admission as described in the figures. A, Left ventricular ejection fraction over time. B, Left main coronary artery (LMCA) dimensions over time. C, Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) artery dimensions over time. D, Right coronary artery (RCA) dimensions over time.

Figure 2

A, Parasternal short-axis view demonstrates an aneurysm (arrow) at the bifurcation of left main coronary artery (LMCA) into left anterior descending and circumflex coronaries. B, Parasternal short axis image shows a fusiform aneurysm (arrow) of the right coronary artery. Ao, aorta, PA, pulmonary artery.