The Association Between Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease: an Update

Abstract

Purpose of the review: The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the data regarding periodontitis and its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as a closer look at the connection between periodontitis and valvular heart disease.

Recent findings: The body of literature that demonstrates an association between periodontitis and CVD is growing, and there is increasing evidence that periodontal disease (PD) can have negative cardiovascular effects. Far less data is available for the management of periodontitis specifically in those with valvular heart disease. However, recent studies suggest that routine preoperative dental evaluation practices may not be necessary in all patients and, similar to changes in antibiotic prophylaxis, may only be indicated for a select group of individuals. There is a strong association between PD and CVD, although a causal relationship is yet to be elucidated. Further data is needed in this regard, as well as in determining the appropriate management of PD in those with valvular heart disease.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Endocarditis; Periodontal disease; Periodontitis.