Barriers and Facilitators Associated with the Management of Aggressive and Disruptive Behaviour in Children: A Qualitative Study with Pediatricians
- PMID: 32774400
- PMCID: PMC7391873
Barriers and Facilitators Associated with the Management of Aggressive and Disruptive Behaviour in Children: A Qualitative Study with Pediatricians
Abstract
Background: Aggressive and disruptive behaviours are frequently observed in children. Short-term use of antipsychotics with monitoring for adverse effects is recommended when first-line interventions fail (e.g. psychosocial therapies and psychostimulants for ADHD). This study aimed to understand the barriers and facilitators to behavioural change for the management of aggressive and disruptive behaviours by pediatricians.
Methods: This was a qualitative study with twenty community-based pediatricians. An interview guide was developed to elicit beliefs associated with practice behaviours. We used thematic content analysis with the Theoretical Domains Framework to inform knowledge translation interventions, by helping to determine what behavioural barriers and facilitators to practice exist. Key domains which influenced behaviour were identified by evaluating the frequency of beliefs across interviews, conflicting beliefs, and the strength of beliefs impacting behaviour.
Results: Pediatricians described evaluating the impact of aggressive and disruptive behaviours, attempting to determine their cause, and using an approach that prioritized psychosocial therapies and psychostimulants. Pediatricians reported that antipsychotics were effective but that they experienced anxiety about harms, and there was a need to accept the adverse effects as a trade-off for improved function. Discontinuing antipsychotics was problematic. Despite awareness of antipsychotic-induced movement disorders and metabolic effects, there were limitations in physician skills, knowledge and resources and social influences that were a barrier to routine implementation of recommended monitoring procedures.
Conclusions: This study identifies barriers and facilitators to evidence-based practice that can be used for knowledge translation interventions to ensure a high standard of care for children prescribed antipsychotics.
Contexte: Les comportements agressifs et perturbateurs sont fréquemment observés chez les enfants. L’utilisation à court terme d’antipsychotiques sous surveillance des effets indésirables est recommandée lorsque les interventions de première intention échouent (p. ex., les thérapies psychosociales et les psychostimulants pour le TDAH). La présente étude visait à comprendre les obstacles et les facilitateurs du changement de comportement pour la prise en charge du comportement agressif et perturbateur par les pédiatres.
Méthodes: Il s’agit d’une étude qualitative menée avec 20 pédiatres communautaires. Un guide d’entrevue a été mis au point afin d’obtenir les croyances associées aux comportements de la pratique. Nous avons utilisé l’analyse du contenu thématique à l’aide du cadre des domaines théoriques pour éclairer les interventions de transmission des connaissances, en aidant à déterminer quels obstacles et facilitateurs comportementaux existent pour la pratique. Les domaines clés qui influençaient le comportement ont été identifiés en évaluant la fréquence des croyances dans les entrevues, les croyances conflictuelles et la force des croyances influant sur le comportement.
Résultats: Les pédiatres ont décrit leur évaluation de l’effet des comportements agressifs et perturbateurs, ont tenté d’en déterminer la cause, et ont eu recours à une approche qui privilégiait les thérapies psychosociales et les psychostimulants. Les pédiatres ont énoncé que les antipsychotiques étaient efficaces mais qu’ils éprouvaient de l’anxiété au sujet des effets néfastes, et qu’il existait un besoin d’accepter les effets indésirables en contrepartie d’une fonction améliorée. Discontinuer les antipsychotiques était problématique. Malgré la connaissance des troubles du mouvement et des effets métaboliques induits par les antipsychotiques, il y avait des limitations des compétences, des connaissances et des ressources des médecins et des influences sociales qui faisaient obstacle à la mise en œuvre régulière des procédures de surveillance recommandées.
Conclusions: Cette étude identifie les obstacles et les facilitateurs de la pratique fondée sur les données probantes qui peuvent servir aux interventions de transmission des connaissances afin d’assurer une norme élevée des soins aux enfants à qui on prescrit des antipsychotiques.
Keywords: aggression; antipsychotics; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; disruptive behaviour disorders; pediatricians; qualitative research.
Copyright © 2020 Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
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