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Comment
. 2020 Oct;72(10):1772-1774.
doi: 10.1002/art.41399. Epub 2020 Sep 6.

Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19 Are Not Increased Among Children or Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease-Possible Immunologic Rationale: Comment on the Article by Henderson et al

Edoardo Sean Ferraccioli  1 , Elisa Gremese  2 , Gianfranco Ferraccioli  2
Affiliations
Comment

Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19 Are Not Increased Among Children or Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease-Possible Immunologic Rationale: Comment on the Article by Henderson et al

Edoardo Sean Ferraccioli et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020 Oct.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Initial phase of viral infection. In this phase, nonspecific viral agents (while specific agents are awaited), antimalarials, or anti–interleukin‐6 (anti–IL‐6) (or other anticytokine) agents may be used to shut down the inflammatory process before it evolves into acute respiratory distress syndrome–induced lung failure. SARS–Cov‐2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; ACE2 = angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2; IFNα/β = interferon α/β; TLR‐7 = Toll‐like receptor 7; ssRNA = single‐stranded RNA; AT 2 = type II alveolar epithelial cells; Myd88 = myeloid differentiation factor 88; TNF = tumor necrosis factor; MCP‐1 = monocyte chemotactic protein 1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

  • On the Alert for Cytokine Storm: Immunopathology in COVID-19.
    Henderson LA, Canna SW, Schulert GS, Volpi S, Lee PY, Kernan KF, Caricchio R, Mahmud S, Hazen MM, Halyabar O, Hoyt KJ, Han J, Grom AA, Gattorno M, Ravelli A, De Benedetti F, Behrens EM, Cron RQ, Nigrovic PA. Henderson LA, et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020 Jul;72(7):1059-1063. doi: 10.1002/art.41285. Epub 2020 May 10. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020. PMID: 32293098 Free PMC article.

References

    1. Henderson LA, Canna SW, Schulert GS, Volpi S, Lee PY, Kernan KF, et al. On the alert for cytokine storm: immunopathology in COVID‐19. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020;72:1059–63. - PMC - PubMed
    1. COVID‐19 Global Rheumatology Alliance. URL: https://rheum-ovid.org.
    1. Lu X, Zhang L, Du H, Zhang J, Yi YY, Qu J, et al. SARS‐CoV-2 infection in children. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1663–5. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, Martelli L, Ruggeri M, Ciuffreda M, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki‐like diseases at Italian epicentre of the SARS‐CoV2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet 2020;395:1771–8. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lemaire I, Yang H, Lafont V, Dornand J, Coomes T, Cantin MF. Differential effects of macrophage‐ and granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factors on cytokine gene expression during rat alveolar macrophage differentiation into multinucleated giant cells (MGC): role for IL6 in type 2 MGC formation. J Immunol 1996;157:5118–25. - PubMed