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. 2020 Aug 5;25(8):3131-3142.
doi: 10.1590/1413-81232020258.28632018.

Characteristics of school-based drug prevention programs in Brazil

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Ana Paula Dias Pereira  1 , Zila M Sanchez  1
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Free article

Characteristics of school-based drug prevention programs in Brazil

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Ana Paula Dias Pereira et al. Cien Saude Colet. .
Free article

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

The aim of this study was to identify the main characteristics of school-based drug prevention programs in Brazil and verify whether these interventions apply the prevention principles suggested by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). A cross-sectional study was conducted using a random national sample of 1,151 public and private school managers. The data were collected using an online questionnaire. Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with the application of a greater number of prevention principles in the programs. The findings showed that programs were generally sporadic, had an average duration of one semester, incorporated different program models, and primarily directed at students. The most active organization in the delivery of programs was the Military Police. Private schools were shown to be 14% more likely to apply more good practice principles than public schools. Furthermore, programs delivered by school staff, health institutions, or departments of education were more likely to apply more prevention principles. Efforts are needed to improve drug prevention practice in Brazilian schools. Our findings show that, overall, school-based drug prevention programs do not apply the NIDA prevention principles.

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar as características dos programas de prevenção ao uso de drogas desenvolvidos nas escolas brasileiras e verificar a existência de princípios de boas práticas de prevenção nestes programas. Estudo transversal com uma amostra probabilística de 1.151 dirigentes de escolas públicas e privadas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário online. Regressão de Poisson permitiu identificar os fatores associados à maior quantidade de princípios de boas práticas de prevenção nos programas. Os programas se operacionalizam sem regularidade e com duração média de um trimestre, dirigidos principalmente aos alunos, com integração de diferentes modelos teóricos e promovidos principalmente pela Polícia Militar. As escolas privadas possuem 14% mais chance de apresentarem mais princípios de boas práticas em seus programas, quando comparadas às escolas públicas. Programas ofertados por uma equipe da própria escola ou por uma instituição da área de saúde ou pela secretaria de educação possuem maiores chances de apresentarem mais princípios de boas práticas. As ações de prevenção ao uso drogas nas escolas brasileiras necessitam de aperfeiçoamento das medidas adotadas. Os programas não se baseiam em evidências científicas e boas práticas em prevenção.

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