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. 2020 Nov:100:390-393.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.018. Epub 2020 Aug 11.

Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19

Jae Hyoung Im  1 , Young Soo Je  2 , Jihyeon Baek  1 , Moon-Hyun Chung  3 , Hea Yoon Kwon  4 , Jin-Soo Lee  5
Affiliations

Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19

Jae Hyoung Im et al. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Nov.

Abstract

The relationship between immunity and nutrition is well known and its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is also being paid great attention. However, the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients is unknown. Vitamin B1, B6, B12, vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D), folate, selenium, and zinc levels were measured in 50 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Overall, 76% of the patients were vitamin D deficient and 42% were selenium deficient. No significant increase in the incidence of deficiency was found for vitamins B1, B6, and B12, folate, and zinc in patients with COVID-19. The COVID-19 group showed significantly lower vitamin D values than the healthy control group (150 people, matched by age/sex). Severe vitamin D deficiency (based on a cut-off of ≤10 ng/dl) was found in 24.0% of the patients in the COVID-19 group and 7.3% in the control group. Among 12 patients with respiratory distress, 11 (91.7%) were deficient in at least one nutrient. However, patients without respiratory distress showed a deficiency in 30/38 cases (78.9%; p = 0.425). These results suggest that a deficiency of vitamin D or selenium may decrease the immune defenses against COVID-19 and cause progression to severe disease. However, more precise and large-scale studies are needed.

Keywords: COVID-19; Selenium; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Vitamin D; Vitamins; Zinc.

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